Table 4.

The Effects of Neighborhood Disadvantage on Adolescent Alcohol Use, by Race/Ethnicity

	African American		Hispanic		Caucasian
	b	SE	b	SE	b	SE
Intercept	−2.092***a,b	0.172	−1.592***c	0.109	−1.199***	0.159
Individual level
Age	0.575***	0.069	0.463***	0.046	0.484***	0.092
Male	−0.004	0.219	0.376	0.235	−0.159	0.405
Household salary	0.026	0.044	0.106**	0.052	0.023	0.047
Peer substance use	0.128	0.135	0.291***	0.104	0.561	0.346
Parental problem drug use	0.008	0.279	0.390	0.311	−0.443	0.467
Parental warmth	−0.010	0.064	−0.048	0.042	−0.111	0.077
Prior alcohol use	1.352***	0.326	1.002***	0.242	0.642	0.422
χ2	51.305		68.427		47.687
Neighborhood level
Disadvantage	0.012*a	0.007	−0.005	0.004	0.000	0.002
Proportion of variance explained	0.054		0.025		0.000

Note: EB = empirical Bayes. Results are based on Bernoulli models using EB estimates and fixed effects for all individual-level variables; sample sizes are as follows: 644 African Americans living in 54 NCs, 870 Hispanics from 65 NCs, and 272 Caucasians from 46 NCs.

^aDifference between African American and Hispanic groups significant at p ≤ .05.

^bDifference between African American and Caucasian groups significant at p ≤ .05.

^cDifference between Hispanic and Caucasian groups significant at p ≤ .05.

^*p ≤ .10.

^**p ≤ .05.

^***p ≤ .01.