Table 3. Average positive response rates among Oman, USA, Taiwan, and Lebanon cohorts.

Patient safety culture composite	Average % positive response
	Oman study	USA study		Taiwan study		Lebanon
	Score	Score	p value*	Score	p value*	Score	p value*
1. Teamwork within units	83%	78%	0.372	94%	0.015	82%	0.852
2. Supervisor/manager expectations & actions promoting patient safety	60%	74%	0.035	83%	<0.001	66%	0.380
3. Management support for patient safety	67%	69%	0.762	62%	0.460	78%	0.082
4. Organizational learning – continuous improvement	84%	69%	0.012	84%	1.000	78%	0.279
5. Overall perception of patient safety	53%	63%	0.152	65%	0.084	72%	0.006
6. Feedback and communication about error	62%	62%	1.000	59%	0.664	68%	0.374
7. Communication openness	54%	61%	0.317	58%	0.569	57%	0.669
8. Frequency of events reporting	65%	59%	0.382	57%	0.246	68%	0.653
9. Teamwork across units	64%	57%	0.311	72%	0.225	56%	0.248
10. staffing	30%	55%	<0.001	39%	0.181	37%	0.294
11. Hand-offs and transitions	44%	45%	0.887	48%	0.570	50%	0.395
12. Non-punitive response to error	25%	43%	0.007	45%	0.003	24%	0.869
Average positive response rate	58%	61%	0.666	64%	0.384	61%	0.666

p values were against Oman study and generated using Pearson’s chi-squared and Fisher’s exact tests, wherever appropriate. USA and Taiwan’s average positive response rates were derived from the manuscript by Chen IC and Li HH; BMC Health Serv Res 2010;10:152 while Lebanon’s average positive response rates were extracted from the manuscript by El-Jardali et al; Int J Qual Health Care 2010;22:386-95.