Table 3.

The correlations among the sperm DFI and causes of male infertility and regular alcohol intake and smoking status.

Parameter	DFI (%, mean ± S.D.)	P values
Cause of male infertility
Idiopathic (n = 21)	41.3 ± 21.9	0.9963
Varicocele (n = 33)	41.3 ± 22.9
Chronic alcohol use
(+) (n = 27)	49.6 ± 23.3	0.0084∗
(−) (n = 27)	33.9 ± 18.0
Current smoking
(+) (n = 10)	51.3 ± 21.8	0.1357
(−) (n = 43)	39.7 ± 21.9

DFI: DNA fragmentation index; S.D.: standard deviation; *statistically significant (Student's t-test).