Table 2.
Association analysis of B cell phenotypes with type 1 diabetes (T1D)
| Phenotype | Pairs (n) | P-value | Mean of differences (95% CI) |
|---|---|---|---|
| B cell subsets | |||
| Total CD19+ B cells | 45 | 0·47 | 0·70 (−1·24, 2·65) |
| Naive B cells (CD27−) | 45 | 0·52 | −1·15 (−4·71, 2·41) |
| Memory B cells (CD27+) | 45 | 0·54 | 1·04 (−2·38, 4·46) |
| Transitional B cells (CD27−CD24hiCD38hi) | 45 | 0·50 | −0·36 (−1·42, 0·71) |
| Marginal zone B cells (CD27+IgD+IgM+) | 45 | 0·78 | 0·32 (−1·99, 2·62) |
| CD5+ B cells | 35 | 0·25 | 2·34 (−1·70, 6·37) |
| IL-21R surface expression (MFI) | |||
| Total CD19+ B cells | 45 | 0·11 | −96·7 (−217·0, 23·7) |
| Naive B cells (CD27−) | 45 | 0·14 | −73·78 (−173·0, 25·4) |
| Memory B cells (CD27+) | 45 | 0·52 | −7·4 (−30·4, 15·6) |
| Transitional B cells (CD27−CD24hiCD38hi) | 45 | 0·24 | 89·6 (−61·9, 241·2) |
| Marginal zone B cells (CD27+IgD+IgM+) | 45 | 0·58 | −7·8 (−35·9, 20·3) |
| CD5+ B cells | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. |
| IL-10 production* | |||
| IL-10+ total CD19+ B cells | 40 | 0·74 | 0·018 (−0·087, 0·123) |
| IL-10+ naive B cells | 40 | 0·65 | 0·025 (−0·086, 0·135) |
| IL-10+ memory B cells | 40 | 0·73 | 0·020 (−0·096, 0·136) |
P-values were calculated using a two-tailed paired t-test comparing the mean of the B cell phenotypes in T1D patients and healthy donors matched for age, sex and time of sample preparation.
*
Statistical tests were performed on log-transformed data because interleukin (IL)-10 phenotypes showed a strong right skew. CI = 95% confidence interval; MFI = mean fluorescence intensity; n.a. = not applicable.