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. 2014 Aug 19;9(8):e105026. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0105026

Figure 1. Presentation of the five VEMP tests.

Figure 1

Cervical VEMPs (mostly saccular function) are induced by air-conducted sounds through headphones using either 500 Hz short-tone burts (AC STB) or high level clicks. Ocular VEMPs (mostly utricular function) are evoked by either AC STB delivered through headphones, or bone-conducted vibration through a mini-shaker applied at AFz (AFz BCV) or at the mastoid (mastoid BCV). The sign + indicates the stimulated ear and the grey banner corresponds to the site of recording. Cervical VEMPs are composed of two early waves: P13 and N23 (scale bar: 100 µV). Ocular VEMPs are composed of two early waves, n1 and p1, with smaller peak-to-peak amplitudes (scale bar: 5 µV).