Table 1.
In vitro IC 50 values for limonoids from Carapa guianensis against Plasmodium falciparum and human fibroblasts
| Plasmodium falciparumK1 | Human fibroblasts MRC-5 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Limonoids | MW | IC 50 (μM) | Result | IC 50 (μM) | SI |
| 6α-acetoxyazadiradione (1) | 524 | 15.4 | MA | >191 | >12 |
| andirobin (2) | 492 | 15.3 | MA | >203 | >13 |
| 6α-acetoxygedunin (3) | 540 | 7.0 | MA | >185 | >26 |
| 7-deacetyl-7-oxogedunin (4) | 438 | 20.7 | I | 108 (87.2–134) | 5 |
| 6α-hydroxydeacetylgedunin (5) | 456 | 5.0 | A | >219 | >44 |
| chloroquine diphosphate | 516 | 0.33 | A | ||
| quinine sulfate | 783 | 0.30 | A | ||
Notes: IC50 ≤ 0.1 μM = highly active; 0.1 < IC50 ≤ 5 μM = active (A); 5 < IC50 ≤ 20 μM = moderately active (MA); IC50 > 20 μM = inactive (I). Selectivity index (SI) = IC50 (human fibroblasts)/IC50 (P. falciparum).