Table 2.

The mean and standard error of the difference and Fold change for metabolites, profiled using GC-MS, that significantly increased ( p <0.05) in the phloem from 9–11 DAA (n = 15) to 18–20 DAA (n = 16)

Metabolite	Transformation	Levene’s test for equality of variances sig.	t -test for equality of means sig. (2-tailed)	Mean difference	Std. error difference	Fold change
Citric acid 4TMS	None	0.512	0.000	0.23250	0.05283	1.8
Fructose_MX1	None	0.002un	0.000	0.27792	0.05953	1.8
Fumarate 2TMS	None	0.000un	0.004	0.00942	0.00289	1.6
Gluconic acid-1,5-lactone 4TMS	None	0.066	0.002	0.34643	0.09990	1.7
Glucose MX1	None	0.008un	0.002	0.63124	0.17488	1.7
Glycine 3TMS	None	0.026un	0.000	0.17284	0.03384	2.2
Hexadecanoate 1TMS	SQRT	0.004un	0.017	0.27188	0.10404	1.9
Methionine 1TMS	None	0.337	0.024	0.00554	0.00233	1.3
Octadecanoate 1TMS	SQRT	0.028un	0.021	0.21070	0.08527	1.8
Phenylalanine 2TMS	None	0.654	0.018	1.07470	0.42754	1.5
Putrescine 4TMS	None	0.697	0.000	0.82294	0.13397	1.9
Quinic acid 5TMS	SQRT	0.010un	0.007	0.32413	0.10951	2.5
Shikimic acid 4TMS	SQRT	0.060	0.000	0.23331	0.05785	2.9
Succinate 2TMS	None	0.000un	0.010	0.05240	0.01802	2.3
Tyrosine 3TMS	None	0.180	0.000	1.09938	0.24564	1.8
UN04_15.56_185	None	0.000un	0.019	0.10668	0.04183	1.8
UN10_19.08_217	None	0.106	0.007	0.44254	0.15290	1.4
UN16_25.71_339	None	0.016un	0.015	0.00806	0.00302	1.7
UN17_27.24_375	None	0.003un	0.000	0.01570	0.00379	1.8
UN18_28.91_437	None	0.011un	0.001	0.01317	0.00358	1.6
UN20_32.34_503	InvCBRT	0.020un	0.049	-0.62079	0.29828	1.8

Also shown are the p values for Levene’s test of equality of variance, where values are less than 0.05 (equal variances not assumed = ^un), equal sample variances were not assumed when calculating t-test. (xTMS = Trimethylsilyl derivative where x = the number of TMS groups; yMX = methoxyamine derivatised product where y = 1 or 2).