Table 9. Tasks for which older adults significantly preferred human assistance compared with no preference. Eleven tasks were significant at the p < .05 level but after controlling for Type 1 error using a Bonferroni correction, one task was significant at the p < .001 level.

Task	M	SD	Mdn	Range	n	p
Preparing meals/cooking	1.90	0.91	2	1–4	20	.001
Shaving	1.95	0.91	2	1–3	19	.001
Washing/combing hair	1.95	0.74	2	1–4	21	<.001
Entertaining guests	2.00	1.05	2	1–4	21	.001
Being entertained (e.g., playing games, dancing)	2.19	0.75	2	1–4	21	.001
Bathing	2.24	1.09	2	1–4	21	.007
Eating/feeding myself	2.29	0.90	2	1–4	21	.005
Calling family/friends	2.29	1.10	2	1–4	21	.010
Deciding what medication to take	2.38	1.16	2	1–4	21	.025
Getting dressed	2.38	0.92	2	1–4	21	.009
Brushing teeth	2.48	1.03	2	1–4	21	.032

M = participants' mean preference rating on a 5-point Likert-type scale (1 = only a human, 3 = no preference, 5 = only a robot). SD = standard deviation of preference ratings. Mdn = participants' median preference rating on a 5-point Likert-type scale. Range = the minimum and maximum Likert-type responses selected by participants. n = number of participants who rated a task. p = probability of type 1 error for a one-sample Wilcoxon sign-rank test comparing each task median to no preference (= 3)