Table 1.

Participant characteristics, self-efficacy and social support for physical activity, self-efficacy for not overeating, and social support for a healthy diet. Mean scores and standard deviations shown. Significant associations (p<0.05) are in bold type.

	Total	Self-efficacy for physical activity	Social support for physical activity, friends	Social support for physical activity, family	Self-efficacy for not overeating	Social support for diet, friends	Social support for diet, family
		range 5–25	range 5–25	range 12–60	range 20–100	range 6–30	range 6–30
		N=226	N=227	N = 226	N = 226	N = 225	N = 225
Age, tertiles (years)
< 34 years	34%	13.6 ± 4.5	9.6 ± 4.9	28.7 ± 12.5	63.2 ± 20.1	10.7 ± 5.2	14.2 ± 6.4
34–38 years	35%	12.9 ± 3.8	9.6 ± 4.2	26.4 ± 9.1	59.8 ± 18.1	10.6 ± 4.5	12.7 ± 5.0
> 38 years	31%	13.3 ± 4.5	10.7 ± 5.2	30.4 ± 9.6	64.6 ± 17.1	10.5 ± 4.1	13.5 ± 5.0
Race
Non-Hispanic white	71%	13.3 ± 4.2	9.3 ± 4.6	27.2 ± 9.7	62.6 ± 18.4	10.5 ± 4.6	12.8 ± 5.1
Hispanic	5%	14.1 ± 5.5	10.5 ± 6.3	33.4 ± 12.6	57.3 ± 21.7	11.1 ± 5.6	17.6 ± 7.2
Asian/Pacific Islander	13%	12.2 ± 4.0	11.6 ± 5.0	31.9 ± 10.2	61.4 ± 17.1	10.7 ± 4.2	14.4 ± 5.3
African-American	7%	13.7 ± 3.5	11.6 ± 5.4	27.7 ± 14.8	59.8 ± 22.8	10.8 ± 5.2	14.0 ± 7.8
Native American	3%	14.7 ± 5.7	12.7 ± 5.1	37.5 ± 11.7	75.5 ± 16.9	13.2 ± 5.0	14.8 ± 6.5
Other	2%	10.5 ± 4.1	9.0 ± 3.2	21.8 ± 9.9	64.8 ± 16.1	11.3 ± 4.6	14.3 ± 5.6
Education
< High school degree	0%	5.00 ± 0.0	16.0 ± 0.0	23.0 ± 0.0	54.0 ± 0.0	6.0 ± 0.0	12.0 ± 0.0
High school graduate	8%	11.1 ± 3.7	9.4 ± 5.3	25.8 ± 12.8	60.0 ± 19.1	11.4 ± 7.5	14.5 ± 8.0
Some college	28%	12.8 v 4.2	9.4 ± 4.9	26.4 ± 10.3	60.2 ± 19.7	10.3 ± 4.5	13.1 ± 5.8
College graduate	64%	13.8 ± 4.2	10.2 ± 4.8	29.6 ± 10.3	63.8 ± 18.0	10.7 ± 4.3	13.4 ± 5.1
Annual income
<$15,000 per year	4%	12.0 ± 5.9	10.1 ± 7.1	23.4 ± 13.1	69.8 ± 18.5	10.4 ± 6.9	10.8 ± 5.6
$15,000–<$40,000	12%	12.5 ± 4.0	9.7 ± 5.2	26.6 ±12.1	59.2 ± 22.2	11.1 ± 5.1	14.2 ± 7.1
$40,000 – <$75,0000	33%	13.1 ± 4.4	9.1 ± 4.1	28.4 ± 11.3	60.3 ± 17.8	10.9 ± 4.6	13.6 ± 5.4
≥$75,000	51%	13.7 ± 4.0	10.2 ± 5.0	29.0 ± 9.2	64.1 ± 18.3	10.1 ± 4.0	13.1 ± 4.9
Current cigarette smokers	11%	11.7 ± 4.8	10.2 ± 5.1	26.7 ± 11.5	62.7 ± 20.7	11.0 ± 5.7	12.6 ± 5.7
Duration of breast feeding without formula
None or < 3 months	54%	13.4 ± 4.4	10.0 ±4.9	28.3 ± 10.9	61.3 ± 19.3	11.2 ± 4.8	14.0 ± 5.7
3 months – < 1 year	32%	13.0 ± 3.8	10.3 ± 4.8	29.3 ± 10.3	64.1 ± 17.9	10.5 ± 4.8	12.8 ± 5.6
> 1 year or more	14%	13.9 ± 4.5	9.4 ± 5.2	28.0 ± 10.4	62.8 ± 16.8	9.2 ± 3.4	12.7 ± 4.8
Number of months since delivery, tertiles
< 15 months	33%	12.7 ± 4.3	9.4 ± 5.0	28.4 ± 11.7	65.1 ± 19.5	10.4 ± 4.6	13.6 ± 5.5
15–33 months	33%	13.1 ± 4.2	10.2 ± 4.9	28.4 ± 10.5	60.1 ± 17.9	11.2 ± 4.7	13.5 ± 5.3
> 33 months	35%	13.8 ± 4.0	10.2 ± 4.7	28.5 ± 9.9	62.1 ± 18.0	10.4 ± 4.5	13.3 ± 5.9
Prenatal provider type*
Obstetrician	91%	13.2 ± 4.2	10.1 ± 4.9	28.6 ± 10.5	61.9 ± 18.5	10.7 ± 4.7	13.6 ± 5.5
Family practitioner	15%	14.8 ± 5.2	9.4 ± 4.7	29.4 ± 13.1	66.5 ± 21.4	9.8 ± 4.6	13.1 ± 6.2
Endocrinologist	42%	13.5 ± 4.2	10.0 ± 5.1	29.7 ± 10.4	63.5 ± 17.3	10.6 ± 4.5	13.5 ± 5.0
Midwife	6%	12.5 ± 3.3	7.2 ± 3.0	26.1 ± 6.9	66.3 ± 14.8	9.9 ± 4.8	11.3 ± 5.3
Dietician	60%	13.8 ± 4.5	10.3 ± 5.0	30.0 ± 10.5	65.6 ± 17.9	10.9 ± 4.3	13.7 ± 5.2
Other	5%	15.1 ± 4.4	9.6 ± 5.1	30.1 ± 12.9	75.5 ± 16.2	9.3 ± 4.6	12.2 ± 5.0
Insulin use during pregnancy (yes/no)	44%	13.0 ± 4.4	9.9 ± 4.9	28.5 ± 9.7	63.7 ± 18.8	10.4 ± 4.2	13.5 ± 4.8

^*Women could see multiple provider types during pregnancy, so percentages do not sum to 100.