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. 2014 Aug 20;9(8):e104880. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0104880

Table 14. Dialogue and Gender: Female editors use a relationship-oriented speech style.

(Article Talk) Men Women Mann-Whitney U-test p-value
Relationship-orientation
Personal pronouns 4.964 5.420 −4.375 Inline graphic
Use of “I” 2.488 2.764 −3.945 Inline graphic
Use of “You” 0.936 0.957 −0.926 p = 0.355
Use of “Shehe” pronouns 0.541 0.713 −4.657 Inline graphic
Social words 5.960 6.353 −3.487 Inline graphic
Certainty
Certainty 1.346 (1397) 1.300 (1263) −2.078 Inline graphic*
Tentativeness 3.150 3.215 −1.162 p = 0.245
Filler words 0.161 0.160 −0.137 p = 0.891
Temporal Orientation
Past 2.325 2.543 −4.305 Inline graphic
Present 7.897 8.180 −3.086 Inline graphic
Future 1.168 1.147 −1.008 p = 0.314

Numbers under the editor class names correspond to the average values over all editors in a given class (total sample 2 778 editors: 2 613 men 165 women). When the difference is statistically significant (p-value in bold) the larger absolute value is underlined. Cases where the averages are not informative are marked with an asterisk * and include the mean ranks Mann-Whitney U-test next to the averages in parentheses.