Table 2.
Factors Associated with Early DNR Use in Patients with Sepsis
| Variable | Bivariate analysis | Multivariable analysis | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| OR | 95 % CI | Adj OR | 95 % CI | |
| Hospital size, no. beds | ||||
| 1–99 | 1.44 | (1.31, 1.58) | 1.31 | (1.18, 1.46) |
| 100–199 | 1.27 | (1.18, 1.36) | 1.07 | (0.99, 1.18) |
| 200–499 | 1.31 | (1.23, 1.40) | 1.09 | (1.01, 1.18) |
| 500+ | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||
| Teaching hospital | 0.75 | (0.71, 0.80) | 1.18 | (1.10, 1.27) |
| Age | ||||
| 80+ | 13.08 | (11.66, 14.74) | 7.36 | (6.49, 8.37) |
| 70–79 | 5.17 | (4.59, 5.86) | 2.97 | (2.61, 3.39) |
| 60–69 | 3.01 | (2.65, 3.43) | 1.95 | (1.71, 2.24) |
| 50–59 | 2.21 | (1.92, 2.54) | 1.72 | (1.50, 1.98) |
| 18–49 | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||
| Female gender | 1.25 | (1.21, 1.30) | 1.16 | (1.12, 1.21) |
| Race / ethnicity | ||||
| White | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||
| Black | 0.42 | (0.38, 0.45) | 0.42 | (0.39, 0.46) |
| Hispanic | 0.46 | (0.43, 0.48) | 0.59 | (0.55, 0.63) |
| Asian | 0.77 | (0.72, 0.82) | 0.61 | (0.57, 0.65) |
| Other | 0.51 | (0.48, 0.55) | 0.88 | (0.80, 0.96) |
| Source of admission | ||||
| Home | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||
| Skilled nursing and assisted living | 2.35 | (2.26, 2.45) | 2.04 | (1.96, 2.13) |
| Acute care hospital | 0.94 | (0.84, 1.06) | 0.88 | (0.78, 0.99) |
| Other | 1.64 | (1.45, 1.86) | 1.51 | (1.31, 1.73) |
| Payment category | ||||
| Medicare | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||
| Indigent | 0.07 | (0.04, 0.11) | 0.34 | (0.20, 0.53) |
| Medi-Cal | 0.24 | (0.23, 0.27) | 0.69 | (0.63, 0.75) |
| Private | 0.37 | (0.35, 0.40) | 0.68 | (0.63, 0.74) |
| Self-pay | 0.14 | (0.11, 0.19) | 0.61 | (0.47, 0.78) |
| Other | 0.35 | (0.27, 0.44) | 0.86 | (0.66, 1.10) |
| HMO insurance plan | 1.24 | (1.20, 1.29) | 1.58 | (1.52, 1.65) |
| Charlson Comorbidity Index | ||||
| 0 | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||
| 1–3 | 2.17 | (2.02, 2.33) | 1.42 | (1.32, 1.54) |
| 4–6 | 2.03 | (1.89, 2.19) | 1.44 | (1.33, 1.56) |
| 7–9 | 2.24 | (2.05, 2.45) | 1.95 | (1.77, 2.14) |
| 10+ | 3.01 | (2.69, 3.36) | 3.12 | (2.77, 3.52) |