Table 1.

Effect of heat treatment of S. noursei xinao-4 spores on spore viability and conjugation efficiency with E. coli ET12567 (pUZ8002/pSET152) on 2CMY agar medium containing 10 mM MgCl₂.

Temperature (°C)	Viability (%)	Conjugation Frequency
Room temperature	100	(4.87 ± 0.31) × 10−5
40	95.5	(8.0 ± 0.56) × 10−5
45	69.87	(1.96 ± 0.29) × 10−4
50	56.12	(3.47 ± 0.21) × 10−4
55	17.97	(7.1 ± 0.45) × 10−5