Table 3.

Main classes of biosurfactants and respective producer microorganisms.

Class/Type of Biosurfactant	Microorganisms
Glycolipids
Rhamnolipids		Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Sophorolipids		Torulopsis bombicola, T. apícola
Trehalolipids		Rhodococcus erythropolis, Mycobacterium sp.
Lipopeptides and lipoproteins
Peptide-lipid		Bacillus licheniformis
Viscosin		Pseudomonas fluorescens
Serrawettin		Serratia marcenscens
Surfactin		Bacillus subtilis
Subtilisin		Bacillus subtilis
Gramicidin		Bacillus brevis
Polymyxin		Bacillus polymyxia
Fatty acids, neutral lipids and phospholipids
Fatty acid		Corynebacterium lepus
Neutral lipids		Nocardia erythropolis
Phospholipids		Thiobacillus thiooxidans
Polymeric surfactants
Emulsan		Acinetobacter calcoaceticus
Biodispersan		Acinetobacter calcoaceticus
Liposan		Candida lipolytica
Carbohydrate-lipid-protein		Pseudomonas fluorescens
Mannan-lipid-protein		Candida tropicalis
Particulate surfactant
Vesicles		Acinetobacter calcoaceticus