Akt blockers inhibit TGF-β1-induced GSK3β phosphorylation, β-catenin nuclear translocation and cell proliferation in mouse PSCs. Mouse PSCs were pre-treated with perifosine (2.5 μM) or MK-2206 (5 μM) for one hour, followed by TGF-β1 (25 ng/mL) stimulation. Cells were further cultured for the indicated time point; cytosol and nuclear fractions were isolated, and the expression of the indicated proteins in the corresponding fraction was tested by western blotting (A, B); Cell proliferation was tested by the 3H-thymidine incorporation assay (C). Experiments in this figure were repeated three times, and similar results were obtained. *
p < 0.05 “C” stands for the PBS control.