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. 2014 Aug 21;5:399. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2014.00399

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Copyright © 2014 Imanishi, Perrine-Walker, Ndour, Vayssières, Conejero, Lucas, Champion, Laplaze, Wall and Svistoonoff.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Histochemical localization of β-glucuronidase (GUS) activity in D. trinervis roots expressing a ProDtAUX1:GUS construct. (A) Non-inoculated lateral root; blue staining is detected in the root tip. (B) Cross section of an inoculated root 5 days after inoculation (dai) showing two nodule primordia growing from the pericycle at opposite xylem poles. DtAUX1 expression is observed in the meristematic cells (asterisk). (C) Longitudinal section of a fully developed nodule 21 dai. Cells containing Frankia hyphae are stained in purple. GUS activity is intense in the meristematic region, still visible in the infection zone (Inf), in non-infected cells, and non-detectable in the fixation zone (Fix). (D–E) Magnified images of (C). (D) Meristematic zone. (E) Infection zone: DtAUX1 expression is limited to non-infected cortical cells (arrowheads) surrounding the highly hypertrophied infected cells (IC). (F) Fixation zone: no DtAUX1 activation is detected in the hypertrophic cells filled with Frankia that have already differentiated nitrogen-fixing vesicles (VC). Sections (B–F) were stained with toluidine blue. Scale bars: 100 μm (A–C), 50 μm (D–F).