. 2014 Jul 1;2014:289491. doi: 10.1155/2014/289491

Table 2.

Inclusion and exclusion criteria for patients who participated in the study.

Inclusion criteria	Exclusion criteria
Female Age: 25–55 years Pain group: (i) History of NSCLBP ≥6-month duration (ii) Without peripheral pain referral (iii) Pain in the area from T12 to gluteal folds (iv) Moderate ongoing LBP (a) Average daily pain level—VAS > 2/10 (b) Experienced most days of the week (v) Mechanically induced localized LBP Control group: No history of spinal pain	(i) Specific diagnosis associated with LBP such as spondylolisthesis, disc prolapse, and inflammatory disorders (ii) Presence of other conditions affecting the spine including neurological or metastatic disease (iii) Any neurological deficit (iv) Any surgery involving the lumbar spine (v) Any diagnosed pelvic or abdominal pain disorder in the last 12 months (vi) Pregnancy or being less than six months after partum (vii) Any lower limb surgery in the last 2 years (viii) Current lower limb injury (ix) An inability to understand written or spoken Persian

Inclusion criteria

Exclusion criteria

Female
Age: 25–55 years
Pain group:
(i) History of NSCLBP ≥6-month duration
(ii) Without peripheral pain referral
(iii) Pain in the area from T12 to gluteal folds
(iv) Moderate ongoing LBP
(a) Average daily pain level—VAS > 2/10
(b) Experienced most days of the week
(v) Mechanically induced localized LBP
Control group:
No history of spinal pain

(i) Specific diagnosis associated with LBP such as spondylolisthesis, disc prolapse, and inflammatory disorders
(ii) Presence of other conditions affecting the spine including neurological or metastatic disease
(iii) Any neurological deficit
(iv) Any surgery involving the lumbar spine
(v) Any diagnosed pelvic or abdominal pain disorder in the last 12 months
(vi) Pregnancy or being less than six months after partum
(vii) Any lower limb surgery in the last 2 years
(viii) Current lower limb injury
(ix) An inability to understand written or spoken Persian