Table 1.

Characteristics at the time of enrollment into the Look AHEAD trial by intervention assignment

Characteristic	DSE (n = 2,563)	ILI (n = 2,558)	P value‡
Age			0.15
45–54 years	23	25
55–64 years	55	56
65–76 years	21	19
BMI			0.16
25.0–29.9 kg/m2	14	16
30.0–34.9 kg/m2	35	36
35.0–39.9 kg/m2	29	26
>40 kg/m2	22	22
Sex			0.75
Female	60	60
Male	40	40
History of cardiovascular disease*			0.45
No	86	86
Yes	14	14
Race/ethnicity			0.98
African American	16	16
American Indian	5	5
Hispanic/Latino	13	13
Non-Hispanic white	63	63
Other/mixed	3	3
Diabetes duration (n = 40 missing)			0.20
<5 years	45	47
≥5 years	55	53
Education (n = 110 missing)			0.54
High school or less	21	20
Post-high school	38	37
College graduate	41	42
Hypertension			0.34
No	17	16
Yes	83	84
Prescription medications, mean number
Antihypertensive	1.20	1.24	0.29
Diabetes	1.40	1.38	0.51
Lipid lowering	0.53	0.53	0.86
Annual household income (n = 503 missing)			0.84
<$40,000	34	34
$40,000 to <$80,000	37	37
≥$80,000	30	29
Health insurance status†
Uninsured	8	9	0.71
Insured (self or work)	77	77	0.66
Medicare/Medicaid	21	20	0.13
Tricare/VA/military	4	5	0.36
Indian Health Service	2	3	0.32
Other/not reported	4	4	0.56
Usual source of health care (n = 13 missing)			0.73
Private physician’s office	74	74
Hospital clinic/outpatient	12	12
Community health center	8	8
Other health-care facility	5	6
No usual source of care	1	1

Data are % unless otherwise indicated. VA, Veterans Affairs.

*History of cardiovascular disease included myocardial infarction, coronary artery bypass, angioplasty/stent procedure, peripheral vascular disease, stroke, stable angina, and class I/II heart failure.

†Participants were able to indicate more than one source of health insurance.

‡χ² test.