Table 1. Contributions of Various Nonfouling Mechanisms in 2- and 3-D Zwitterionic, ZW, and EG Coatings^a.

	monolayer ZWb	brush polyZW	monolayer EG	brush polyEGc
excluded volume	x	√	x	√
surface energy	√	√	x	√
ion coupled adsorption	√	√	√	√
water structuring	√	√	√	√
steric ion coupled effects	√	√	√	√
surface mobility	x	√	x	√
salt resistance	√	√	x	x

^ax = little or no contribution, √ = favorable contribution.

^bZW = zwitterion.

^cIncludes oligo EG.