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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2014 Aug 21.
Published in final edited form as: Neuroscientist. 2011 Jun 7;18(3):271–286. doi: 10.1177/1073858411404228

Figure 10. Intrinsic and extrinsic factors cooperate to specify glutamatergic and GABAergic neurons and synapses.

Figure 10

A variety of synapse type-specific molecules play key roles to instruct glutamatergic or GABAergic specification in every step of differentiation. Intrinsic factors play important roles in specifying glutamatergic and GABAergic neurons in initial steps, and in later steps, extrinsic factors guide these neurons to establish appropriate glutamatergic and GABAergic synapses.