| Amphotericin B Lipid Formulations |
López-Vélez R et al. [79]
|
N = 17, Spain |
Group 1 (N = 8): Amphotericin B lipid complex (IV) 3 mg/kg/day every 21 days. Group 2 (N = 9): No treatment. |
Follow-up for 12 months. 50% and 22.2% relapse-free, respectively. |
|
Molina I et al. [80]
|
N = 17, Spain |
All patients received for VL episode liposomal amphotericin B 4 mg/kg/day (IV) for 5 consecutive days followed by one dose per week for 5 weeks. |
Median follow-up time was 14 months (range 5–44 months). Calculated probability of being relapse-free was 89.7%, 79.1%, and 55.9% at 6, 12, and 36 months follow-up, respectively. |
| Miltefosine |
Marques N et al. [85]
|
N = 5, Portugal |
All patients received miltefosine 50 mg (po) 3 times a week. |
Treatment was performed until >250 CD4/mm3 and for a minimum of 12 months (12–24). Three patients were followed up after miltefosine was discontinued (8–28 months). All patients were relapse-free. |
| Pentavalent Antimonials |
Ribera E et al. [81]
|
N = 46, Spain |
Group 1 (N = 20): No treatment. Group 2 (N = 9): Allopurinol 300 mg/8 h (po). Group 3 (N = 17): Pentavalent antimonials 850 mg (parenteral) once a month. |
Patients were followed up until relapse. 35%, 44%, and 82% were relapse-free, respectively. |
| Pentamidine |
Pérez Molina JA et al. [84]
|
N = 6, Spain |
Group 1 (N = 3): Pentamidine isethionate (IV) 4 mg/kg every 2 weeks. Group 2 (N = 3): Pentamidine isethionate (IV) every 4 weeks. |
Average follow-up was 8 months (3–12 months). One relapse in group 2, 7 weeks after pentamidine was stopped. |
|
Patel TA et al. [83]
|
N = 4, United Kingdom |
Patient 1 & 2: pentamidine (IV) 6 mg/kg every 3 weeks. Patient 3 & 4: pentamidine (IV) 6 mg/kg fortnightly. |
Follow-up from 5 months to 4 years. All relapse-free during follow-up. |
| Azoles |
Angarano G et al. [86]
|
N = 5, Italy |
All received itraconazole 600 mg/day (po) in two doses |
Maintenance treatment from 6 to 24 months. All relapse-free during follow-up except for one. |
| Combined Therapies |
Barragán P et al. [90]
|
N = 1, Spain |
Itraconazole 400 mg/day (po) plus miltefosine 150 mg/day with 1 month on and 2 months off schedule. |
19 months of treatment relapse- free. |
|
Torrus D et al. [89]
|
N = 2, Spain |
Fluconazol 200 mg (po) plus allopurinol 300 (po) daily. |
Follow-up at 9 and 11 months. Both patients relapse-free |
