Table 2.

Organism involved in VAP in an SICU

	All (n=150)	Death (n=46)	Survived (n=104)	P-value
Organism types, n (%)
Gram negative	142 (94.7)	43 (93.48)	99 (95.2)	0.67
Gram positive	8 (5.3)	3 (6.5)	5 (4.8)
Gram negative organisms
Acinetobacter baumannii	58 (38.7)	24 (52.2)	34 (32.7)	<0.01
Klebsiella pneumoniae	26 (17.3)	8 (17.4)	18 (17.3)
Pseudomonas aeruginosa	25 (16.7)	4 (8.7)	21 (20.2)
Haemophilus influenzae	15 (10.0)	0 (0)	15 (14.4)
Enterobacter spp.	7 (4.7)	2 (4.3)	5 (4.8)
Escherichia coli	6 (4.0)	1 (2.1)	5 (4.8)
Stenotrophomonas spp.	2 (1.3)	2 (4.3)	0 (0)
Citrobacter koseri	1 (0.7)	1 (2.2)	0 (0)
Pasteurella spp.	1 (0.7)	0 (0)	1 (1.0)
Proteus mirabilis	1 (0.7)	1 (2.2)	0 (0)
Gram positive organisms
Staphylococcus aureus	6 (4.0)	3 (6.5)	3 (2.9)	0.45
Enterococcus faecium	1 (0.7)	0 (0)	1 (1.0)
Streptococcus pneumonia	1 (0.7)	0 (0)	1 (1.0)
Antibiotic susceptibility, n (%)
Susceptibility pattern
Susceptible organisms	75 (50.0)	15 (32.6)	60 (57.7)	<0.01
Resistant organisms	75 (50.0)	31 (67.4)	44 (42.3)
Appropriate antibiotics
Inappropriate	61 (40.7)	26 (56.5)	35 (33.6)	<0.01
Appropriate	89 (59.3)	20 (43.5)	69 (66.4)
Gram negative	142 (94.7)	43 (93.5)	99 (95.2)	0.02
Susceptible organisms	72 (48.0)	14 (30.4)	58 (55.8)
MDR organisms	20 (13.3)	6 (13.0)	14 (13.5)
XDR organisms	50 (33.3)	23 (50.0)	27 (26.0)
Gram positive	8 (5.3)	3 (6.5)	5 (4.8)	0.64
Susceptible organisms	3 (2.0)	1 (2.2)	2 (1.9)
MDR organisms	5 (2.7)	2 (4.3)	3 (2.8)
Implementation of VAP prevention, n (%)
Before (2008–2010)	103 (68.7)	28 (60.9)	75 (72.1)	0.17
After (2011–2012)	47 (31.3)	18 (39.1)	29 (27.9)

Abbreviations: MDR, multidrug resistant; XDR, extensively drug resistant; VAP, ventilator-associated pneumonia; SICU, surgical intensive care unit.