Table 2.
Active management and additional interventions:% (n)
| Direct blood loss measurement | Indirect blood loss measurement | p-value a | |
|---|---|---|---|
| (n = 450) | (n = 450) | ||
| Uterotonics used for active management | |||
| Oxytocinb | 100.0 (450) | 100.0 (450) | na |
| Misoprostol | 0.9 (4) | 1.1 (5) | > 0.99 |
| Carboprost | 0.7 (3) | 0.2 (1) | 0.37 |
| Additional uterotonics for treatment | |||
| Oxytocin | 43.1 (194) | 44.7 (201) | 0.69 |
| Misoprostol | 11.8 (53) | 10.0 (45) | 0.45 |
| Carboprost | 2.0 (9) | 1.8 (8) | > 0.99 |
| Episiotomy performed | 98.9 (445) | 98.9 (445) | > 0.99 |
| Manual removal of placenta performed | 0.4 (2) | 0.9 (4) | 0.69 |
| Other surgical intervention performed | |||
| Internal iliac ligation | 0.0 (0) | 0.2 (1) | > 0.99 |
| Resuturing of episiotomy | 0.2 (1) | 0.0 (0) | > 0.99 |
| Blood transfusion given | 0.2 (1) | 0.2 (1) | > 0.99 |
| Intravenous fluids given for PPH treatment | 0.9 (4) | 1.3 (6) | 0.75 |
aCalculated with Fisher’s exact test.
bAs per the KEM protocol, all women receive 10units of oxytocin im after delivery as a standard routine management method. If the uterus is not well contracted or there is visual excessive blood loss women receive 400 mcg of oral misoprostol or 150mcg of carboprost im.