Table 3.
Hazard ratios (95% confidence interval) for coronary heart disease and stroke by estimated glomerular filtration rate during follow-up among African American and white patients with type 2 diabetes*
| Glomerular filtration rate during follow-up (mL/min/1.73 m2) | P for trend | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ≥90 | 75–89 | 60–74 | 30–59 | <30 | ||
| Coronary heart disease | ||||||
| African Americans | ||||||
| No. of case | 1 371 | 726 | 534 | 565 | 140 | |
| Person-year | 59 861 | 21 935 | 13 077 | 10 944 | 2 011 | |
| Age and sex adjusted HR (95% CI) | 1 | 1.30 (1.18–1.42) | 1.51 (1.36–1.67) | 1.85 (1.67–2.05) | 2.70 (2.27–3.22) | <0.001 |
| Multivariable adjustment HR (95% CI)† | 1 | 1.24 (1.13–1.36) | 1.39 (1.25–1.54) | 1.63 (1.46–1.80) | 2.53 (2.12–3.02) | <0.001 |
| Whites | ||||||
| No. of case | 862 | 805 | 757 | 781 | 106 | |
| Person-year | 25 031 | 16 690 | 13 520 | 9 641 | 1 032 | |
| Age and sex adjusted HR (95% CI) | 1 | 1.25 (1.14–1.38) | 1.35 (1.22–1.50) | 1.83 (1.65–2.03) | 2.50 (2.04–3.06) | <0.001 |
| Multivariable adjustment HR (95% CI)† | 1 | 1.20 (1.08–1.32) | 1.29 (1.16–1.42) | 1.65 (1.49–1.84) | 2.15 (1.75–2.64) | <0.001 |
| Both | ||||||
| No. of case | 2 233 | 1 531 | 1 291 | 1 346 | 246 | |
| Person-year | 84 892 | 38 625 | 26 597 | 20 585 | 3 042 | |
| Age and sex adjusted HR (95% CI) | 1 | 1.27 (1.19–1.36) | 1.42 (1.32–1.52) | 1.84 (1.72–1.98) | 2.61 (2.28–2.98) | <0.001 |
| Multivariable adjustment HR (95% CI)†‡ | 1 | 1.22 (1.14–1.30) | 1.33 (1.24–1.43) | 1.64 (1.53–1.77) | 2.35 (2.06–2.69) | <0.001 |
| Stroke | ||||||
| African Americans | ||||||
| No. of case | 597 | 325 | 325 | 278 | 67 | |
| Person-year | 63 717 | 24 309 | 14 826 | 12 469 | 2 387 | |
| Age and sex adjusted HR (95% CI) | 1 | 1.23 (1.07–1.41) | 1.38 (1.18–1.61) | 1.82 (1.56–2.11) | 2.56 (1.99–3.31) | <0.001 |
| Multivariable adjustment HR (95% CI)† | 1 | 1.19 (1.04–1.37) | 1.30 (1.11–1.52) | 1.61 (1.39–1.88) | 2.16 (1.67–2.80) | <0.001 |
| Whites | ||||||
| No. of case | 258 | 290 | 322 | 321 | 50 | |
| Person-year | 27 414 | 19 073 | 15 810 | 11 871 | 1 263 | |
| Age and sex adjusted HR (95% CI) | 1 | 1.34 (1.13–1.58) | 1.59 (1.34–1.89) | 1.87 (1.57–2.23) | 3.06 (2.25–4.16) | <0.001 |
| Multivariable adjustment HR (95% CI)† | 1 | 1.31 (1.10–1.55) | 1.55 (1.30–1.84) | 1.79 (1.50–2.14) | 2.73 (2.00–3.72) | <0.001 |
| Both | ||||||
| No. of case | 855 | 615 | 564 | 599 | 117 | |
| Person-year | 91 131 | 43 382 | 30 636 | 24 340 | 3 650 | |
| Age and sex adjusted HR (95% CI) | 1 | 1.26 (1.13–1.40) | 1.47 (1.31–1.64) | 1.83 (1.63–2.05) | 2.75 (2.26–3.34) | <0.001 |
| Multivariable adjustment HR (95% CI)†‡ | 1 | 1.22 (1.10–1.36) | 1.40 (1.25–1.56) | 1.68 (1.50–1.88) | 2.39 (1.97–2.91) | <0.001 |
*
CI=confidence interval; HR=hazard ratio
†
Adjusted for age, sex, smoking, income, type of insurance, BMI, systolic blood pressure, HbA1c, LDL cholesterol, use of antihypertensive drugs, use of diabetes medications, and use of cholesterol-lowering agents
‡
Also adjusted for race