TABLE 3.

Univariate analysis of radiological features associated with scoliosis in patients with CM-I and syringomyelia

Parameter	w/o Scoliosis (%)	w/ Scoliosis (%)	p Value (2-sided)	OR (95% CI)
no. of patients	57	35
CVJ
mean tonsillar herniation in mm	16.2 ± 7.6	11.7 ± 5.7	0.004	0.898 (0.832–0.969)
no. w/ tonsillar herniation of 5–12 mm (%)	19 (33)	22 (63)	0.007	3.385 (1.405–8.155)
no. w/ CM 1.5	17 (30)	11 (31)	0.920	1.07 (0.433–2.68)
mean obex descent in mm	11 ± 5	9.1 ± 4.7	0.084	1.084 (0.989–1.187)
no. w/ obex <11 mm	28 (49)	12 (34)	0.144	0.552 (0.218–1.249)
mean odontoid pb-C2 in mm	3.8 ± 1.9	4 ± 1.6	0.598	1.067 (0.842–1.351)
mean dens inclination	15.9 ± 7.8°	14.9 ± 7.7°	0.547	0.983 (0.930–1.039)
mean CXA	155.5 ± 10.8°	155.8 ± 11.4°	0.912	1.002 (0.964–1.042)
no. w/ CXA >150°	37 (65)	22 (63)	0.755	1.151 (0.447–2.777)
no. w/ basilar invagination	2 (4)	1 (3)	0.865	1.236 (0.108–14.16)
no. w/ medullary kinking	13 (23)	5 (14)	0.321	1.773 (0.572–5.493)
syrinx morphology
mean syrinx diameter in mm	4.1 ± 3	8.9 ± 3.4	<0.001	1.537 (1.285–1.839)
no. w/ syrinx diameter >6 mm	17 (30)	26 (74)	<0.001	6.797 (2.637–17.521)
no. w/ syrinx diameter >7 mm	10 (18)	24 (68)	<0.001	10.255 (3.82–27.53)
mean syrinx length (no. of levels)	8.1 ± 5	13.8 ± 4	<0.001	1.264 (1.136–1.406)
syrinx location
no. cervical	21 (37)	1 (3)	—	—
no. cervicothoracic	23 (40)	29 (83)	0.002	26.5 (3.31–211.8)
no. thoracolumbar	9 (16)	3 (9)	0.111	7 (0.639–76.708)
no. holocord	4 (7)	2 (6)	0.079	10.5 (0.758–145.35)
CSF flow studies
no. w/ flow study performed	29 (51)	4 (11)	<0.001	—
no. w/ flow restriction	22 (76)	4 (100)	0.555	—
no. w/ tonsillar pulsation	11 (38)	3 (75)	0.279	—