Table 2.
Species and studies included in the review. Morphotype describes the morphological form of the plant focal species. Exposure type indicates whether an adaptive or neutral measure of genetic diversity of the focal species was used. The effect size measure and outcome levels indicate the type of effect size calculated (standardized mean difference, d; z-transformed correlation coefficients, z(r), and the levels at which outcomes were measured (community level or ecosystem level), respectively
| Focal species | Morpho-type | Exposure type | Effect size meas-ure | Outcome levels | Citations |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ammophila breviligulata | Herb. | Adaptive | d | Diversity | Crawford & Rudgers (2013) |
| Ammophila breviligulata | Herb. | Adaptive | d | Ecosystem | Crawford & Rudgers (2012) |
| Arabidopsis thaliana | Herb. | Adaptive | d | Ecosystem | Crawford & Whitney (2010) |
| Arabidopsis thaliana | Herb. | Adaptive | d | Ecosystem | Kotowska, Cahill & Keddie (2010) |
| Arabidopsis thaliana | Herb. | Adaptive | d | Ecosystem | Weltzin et al. (2003) |
| Arabidopsis thaliana | Herb. | Adaptive | d | Ecosystem | Hovick, Gumuser & Whitney (2012) |
| Baccharis salicifolia | Shrub | Adaptive | d | Diversity | Moreira & Mooney (2013) |
| Brassica oleracea | Herb. | Adaptive | d | Ecosystem | Hamback, Bjorkman & Hopkins (2010) |
| Buchloe dactyloides | Herb. | Adaptive | d | Ecosystem | Gruntman & Novoplansky (2004) |
| Cakile edulenta | Herb. | Adaptive | d | Ecosystem | Dudley & File (2007) |
| Echium vulgare | Herb. | Adaptive | d | Ecosystem | Bischoff, Steinger & Muller-Scharer (2010) |
| Festuca arundinacea | Herb. | Adaptive | d | Ecosystem, Diversity | Iqbal, Nelson & McCulley (2013) |
| Festuca rubra | Herb. | Adaptive | d | Ecosystem | Munzbergova, Skalova & Hadincova (2009) |
| Lolium perenne | Herb. | Adaptive | d | Diversity, Ecosystem | Jones et al. (2011) |
| Many | Herb. | Adaptive | d | Ecosystem, Diversity | Fridley & Grime (2010) |
| Many | Herb. | Adaptive | d | Diversity | Johnson et al. (2010) |
| Many | Herb. | Adaptive | d | Ecosystem, Diversity | Booth & Grime (2003) |
| Oenothera biennis | Herb. | Adaptive | d | Diversity | McArt, Cook-Patton & Thaler (2012) |
| Oenothera biennis | Herb. | Adaptive | d | Diversity | Johnson, Lajeunesse & Agrawal (2006) |
| Oenothera biennis | Herb. | Adaptive | d | Ecosystem, Diversity | Cook-Patton et al. (2011) |
| Origanum vulgare | Herb. | Adaptive | d | Ecosystem | Bischoff, Steinger & Muller-Scharer (2010) |
| Poa pratensis | Herb. | Adaptive | d | Ecosystem | Vellend, Drummond & Tomimatsu (2010) |
| Populus tremuloides | Tree | Adaptive | d | Diversity | Kanaga et al. (2009) |
| Populus tremuloides | Tree | Adaptive | d | Ecosystem | Madritch, Donaldson & Lindroth (2006) |
| Quercus laevis | Tree | Adaptive | d | Ecosystem | Madritch & Hunter (2002) |
| Quercus laevis | Tree | Adaptive | d | Ecosystem | Madritch & Hunter (2003) |
| Quercus laevis | Tree | Adaptive | d | Ecosystem | Madritch & Hunter (2004) |
| Quercus laevis | Tree | Adaptive | d | Ecosystem | Madritch & Hunter (2005) |
| Quercus robur | Tree | Adaptive | d | Diversity | Tack & Roslin (2011) |
| Solanum lycopersicum | Herb. | Adaptive | d | Ecosystem | Facelli et al. (2010) |
| Solidago altissima | Herb. | Adaptive | d | Diversity | Genung et al. (2010) |
| Solidago altissima | Herb. | Adaptive | d | Diversity | Crutsinger et al. (2008b) |
| Solidago altissima | Herb. | Adaptive | d | Ecosystem | Crutsinger, Sanders & Classen (2009) |
| Solidago altissima | Herb. | Adaptive | d | Diversity, Ecosystem | Crutsinger et al. (2006) |
| Solidago altissima | Herb. | Adaptive | d | Ecosystem, Diversity | Crutsinger et al. (2008a) |
| Taraxacum officinale | Herb. | Adaptive | d | Ecosystem | Vellend, Drummond & Tomimatsu (2010) |
| Triticum aestivum | Herb. | Adaptive | d | Diversity | Chateil et al. (2013) |
| Triticum aestivum | Herb. | Adaptive | d | Diversity | Zuo, Ma & Shinobu (2008) |
| Triticum aestivum | Herb. | Adaptive | d | Ecosystem | Shoffner & Tooker (2013) |
| Zostera marina | Herb. | Adaptive | d | Ecosystem | Ehlers, Worm & Reusch (2008) |
| Zostera marina | Herb. | Adaptive | d | Ecosystem | Hughes & Stachowicz (2011) |
| Zostera marina | Herb. | Adaptive | d | Ecosystem | Reynolds, McGlathery & Waycott (2012) |
| Zostera marina | Herb. | Adaptive | d | Ecosystem | Hughes, Best & Stachowicz (2010) |
| Zostera marina | Herb. | Adaptive | d | Ecosystem | Reusch et al. (2005) |
| Zostera marina | Herb. | Adaptive | d | Ecosystem, Diversity | Hughes & Stachowicz (2004) |
| Andropogon gerardii | Herb. | Neutral | z(r) | Ecosystem | Avolio & Smith (2013) |
| Andropogon gerardii | Herb. | Adaptive, neutral | z(r) | Diversity | Chang & Smith (2013) |
| Andropogon gerardii | Herb. | Adaptive, neutral | z(r) | Diversity | Chang & Smith (2012) |
| Anthoxanthum odoratum | Herb. | Neutral | z(r) | Diversity | Silvertown, Biss & Freeland (2009) |
| Anthyllis vulneraria | Herb. | Neutral | z(r) | Diversity | Honnay et al. (2006) |
| Ardisia crenata | Shrub | Neutral | z(r) | Diversity | Zeng et al. (2012) |
| Briza media | Herb. | Neutral | z(r) | Diversity | Helm et al. (2009) |
| Carex curvula | Herb. | Neutral | z(r) | Diversity | Puscas, Taberlet & Choler (2008) |
| Carex rariflora | Herb. | Neutral | z(r) | Diversity | Vellend & Waterway (1999) |
| Carex sempervirens | Herb. | Neutral | z(r) | Diversity | Yu et al. (2009) |
| Daviesia triflora | Herb. | Neutral | z(r) | Diversity | He & Lamont (2010) |
| Euptelea pleiospermum | Tree | Neutral | z(r) | Diversity | Wei & Jiang (2012) |
| Fagus sylvatica | Tree | Neutral | z(r) | Diversity | Wehenkel, Bergmann & Gregorius (2006); Wehenkel, Corral-Rivas & Hernández-Díaz (2011); Bergmann et al. (2013) |
| Gypsophila fastigiata | Herb. | Neutral | z(r) | Diversity | Lonn & Prentice (2002) |
| Lolium perenne | Herb. | Neutral | z(r) | Diversity | Nestmann et al. (2011) |
| Maianthemum bifolium | Herb. | Neutral | z(r) | Diversity | Honnay et al. (1999); Honnay & Bossuyt (2005) |
| Picea abies | Tree | Neutral | z(r) | Diversity | Wehenkel, Bergmann & Gregorius (2006); Wehenkel, Corral-Rivas & Hernández-Díaz (2011); Bergmann et al. (2013) |
| Plantago lanceolata | Herb. | Neutral | z(r) | Diversity | Odat et al. (2010) |
| Populus spp. | Tree | Neutral | z(r) | Diversity, Ecosystem | Schweitzer et al. (2011) |
| Populus spp. | Tree | Neutral | z(r) | Diversity | Wimp et al. (2004) |
| Primula elatior | Herb. | Neutral | z(r) | Diversity | Jacquemyn, Brys & Hermy (2002); Jacquemyn et al. (2004) |
| Ranunculus acris | Herb. | Neutral | z(r) | Diversity | Odat, Jetschke & Hellwig (2004) |
| Trillium grandiflorum | Herb. | Neutral | z(r) | Diversity | Vellend (2004) |
| Zostera marina | Herb. | Neutral | z(r) | Ecosystem | Reynolds, McGlathery & Waycott (2012) |
| Zostera marina | Herb. | Adaptive | z(r) | Ecosystem | Hughes & Stachowicz (2009) |