Table 2.

Detection rates for urothelial carcinomas and upper tract urothelial carcinomas in dialysis patients using urological and imaging methods.

Patients	Test	Positive result (n)/total number (N)	Detection rate (%)	Reference
Urothelial carcinoma	Urine cytology	7/24	29.2%	Wang et al. [17]
		2/6	33.3%	Chen et al. [23]
	Retrograde pyelography	21/28	75.0%	Wang et al. [17]
	Cystoscopy	67/80	80.7%	Wang et al. [17]
	Computed tomography	42/51	82.4%	Wang et al. [17]
	Magnetic resonance imaging	37/39	94.9%	Wang et al. [17]
	Cystoscopy and/or retrograde pyelography	14/16	87.5%	Chen et al. [23]
	Computed tomography and endoscopy	16/16	100.0%	Satoh et al. [28]
Upper tract urothelial carcinoma	Urine cytology	0/10	0.0%	Satoh et al. [28]
	Retrograde pyelography	6/7	85.7%	Chen et al. [23]
	Computed tomography and endoscopy	10/10	100.0%	Satoh et al. [28]

n: number of patients with positive results in each diagnostic test.

N: number of patients who underwent each diagnostic test.