Transposon constructs and their application in studying overproduction inhibition on the level of excision of DNA transposons. (A) Schematic representation of the four DNA transposons used. IRDR-L/-R, inverted repeat-direct repeat sequences of SB and PB transposons (left and right); PGK, phosphoglycerate kinase promoter; SV40, simian virus 40 early promoter; CAG, CMV enhancer–chicken β-actin–rabbit β1-globin promoter; pA, polyadenylation signal. (B–D) Transposase dose dependence of excision efficiency: when using lipid-based transfection in (B) HEK-293 cells or (C) HeLa cells, or (D) when using nucleofection in HEK-293 cells. (E) Effect of the amount of transposase on the excision efficiency in the case of different SB and PB variants in HEK-293 cells.