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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2014 Aug 26.
Published in final edited form as: Nature. 2013 May 30;498(7454):380–384. doi: 10.1038/nature12306

Figure 1. The R231A STING mutant uncouples cyclic di-GMP sensing from cGAS-induced activation.

Figure 1

a, Overexpression of dinucleotide synthetases. HEK293T cells were transfected with different dinucleotide synthetases (100 ng) together with decreasing amounts of wild-type (WT) mmSTING or the R231A mutant (10, 5, 2.5, 1.25 and 0 ng) and a pIFNβ-luciferase reporter (pIFNβ-GLuc). Reporter activity was measured 16 h after transfection. RLU, relative light units. b, Direct stimulation with synthetic compounds. HEK293T cells were transfected with WT mmSTING or the R231A mutant in conjunction with pIFNβ-GLuc. The next day CMA was added or synthetic cyclic di-GMP or synthetic cGAMP(3′-5′) was transfected as indicated and pIFNβ-GLuc activity was assayed 16 h later. Representative data of two (a) or three (b) independent experiments are shown (mean values + s.e.m.).