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. 2014 Aug 26;8:99. doi: 10.3389/fncom.2014.00099

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Copyright © 2014 Fischer and Seidl.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Avian sound localization circuit. (A) Color-coded speakers represent different sound source positions along azimuth. (B) Schematic representation of the sound localization circuit in the chicken auditory brainstem. NL cells are coincidence detectors and respond best to the sound source location with the corresponding color-coding. The ipsilateral axon terminals provide an isochronic input to the dorsal dendrites of NL, while the contralateral input is systematically delayed from medial to lateral. The ipsilateral and contralateral inputs to NL are provided by a single NM axon projecting to both NLs. Note that sound from straight ahead is encoded by neurons near the medial edge of NL and that most of the NL is tuned to sound source locations in the contralateral hemisphere. Magenta: ipsilateral axon branch, green: contralateral axon branch.