Table 2.

Intravaginal Tenofovir Gel Efficacy in Animal Studies.

Animal Model	Intravaginal Inoculate	Treatment Time of Administration	Treatment Arm	Protection
				N (Infected /Total)	%
NHP	Multiple SIVmac251	−24h, 0h, 24h, 48h	10% TFV gel	0/4	100
			1 ml placebo	2/2	0
NHP	Single SIVmac251	−24h, −15m, −24h	10% TFV gel	1/5	80
			1% TFV gel	1/5	80
		−15m	1% TFV gel	2/5	60
		N/A	Untreated	5/5	0
NHP	Single SIVmac251	−15m	1% TFV gel	1/5	80
		−2h	1% TFV gel	3/5	40
		−8h	1% TFV gel	1/5	80
		−15m	Vehicle	1/5	80
		N/A	Untreated	2/5	60
NHP	Single SIVmac251	−15m	1% TFV gel	1/5	80
		−2h	1% TFV gel	1/5	80
		−8h	1% TFV gel	2/5	60
		−15m	Vehicle	2/5	60
		N/A	Untreated	4/5	20
NHP	Single SIVmac251	−2h	1% TFV gel	0/5	100
		−2h	Vehicle	2/5	60
		N/A	Untreated	2/5	60
NHP	Single SIVmac251	−12h	1% TFV gel	5/8	38
		−24h	1% TFV gel	8/8	0
		−72h, −48h, −24h	1% TFV gel	6/8	25
		−12h	Vehicle	8/8	0
		−24h	Vehicle	8/8	0
		N/A	Untreated	8/8	0
NHP	Multiple intravaginal SHIVSF162p3	−30m	5%FTC and 1%TFV gel	0/6	100
			Vehicle	5/6	17
			Untreated	2/2	0
			1% TFV gel	0/6	100
			Vehicle	3/3	0
NHP	Single SIVmac251	−24h, 0h, 24h, 48h	10% TFV gel	0/5	100
			Vehicle	5/5	0
NHP	Multiple SHIVSF162P3	−30m, −72h	1% TFV gel	4/6	74
			2% HEC gel	9/10	10
BLT mice	#1 HIV-1JR-CSF	−4h, 4h	1% TFV gel	7/8	88

Adapted from:Gengiah TN, Baxter C, Mansoor LE, Kharsany AB, Abdool Karim SS: A drug evaluation of 1% tenofovir gel and tenofovir disoproxil fumarate tablets for the prevention of HIV infection. Expert Opin Investig Drugs. 2012;21(5):695–715 and Garcia-Lerma JG and Heneine W: Animal models of antiretroviral prophylaxis for HIV prevention. CurrOpin HIV AIDS 2012;7(6):505–513; BLT=bone/liver/thymus, FTC=emtricitabine, HEC= hydroxyethylcellulose, NHP=non-human primate, and TFV=tenofovir