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Complete redesign of antibody-like loop interactions with a target surface. Lysozyme (pale cyan) interacts with an antibody (green). Hotspot residues on the antibody are shown in sticks. Following complete redesign of a loop, a two-residue insertion was identified in the antibody loop that encompasses the two hotspot residues, which places the functional groups of the hotspot residues on the redesigned antibody (gold) in close proximity to their natural counterparts.
