. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2014 Aug 26.

Published in final edited form as: NMR Biomed. 2013 Jan 10;26(7):810–828. doi: 10.1002/nbm.2899

Table 2.

List of fast MRI pulse sequences that have been tested for CEST studies

	Suitable Saturation schemes		Typical TR and TE		Example acquisition time per image (sec)^a	Favorable B₀
	Single long	Short repetitive	TR (ms)	TE (ms)	Example acquisition time per image (sec)^a	Favorable B₀
RARE(4)	+		>5000	~50^b	24^c	No limit ^d
FLASH(91)		+	100-300	<5	19.2^e	No limit
EPI(51,132)	+	+	>5000	~50	40^f	1.5T-3T
FISP(38)	+		2	½ TR	2.5^g	1.5T-3T
3D-GRASE(103)	+		2500	200	20^h	No limit

using values in literature based on a 2D image with 64 phase encoding steps and a single average unless otherwise noted.

effective TE

with TR=6 sec and RARE factor =16.

except it may result in high SAR at high field

with TR=200ms and 32 dummy scans to reach steady state of saturation

four-shot EPI with TR=10 s

includes 10 dummy scans to reach steady state.

With SENSE acceleration factors of 2×2 in the RL (44 steps) and SI (28 steps) directions, SE factor = 22, EPI factor = 7.