Table 3.
CT/MRI-negative mTBI (no acute traumatic intracranial abnormality or depressed skull fracture on CT or conventional MRI) (44 subjects) | CT/MRI-positive mTBI (positive acute traumatic intracranial abnormality and/or depressed skull fracture on CT and/or conventional MRI) (32 subjects) | Controls (50 subjects) | |
---|---|---|---|
Number of subjects (proportion of subjects) | Number of subjects (proportion of subjects) | Number of subjects (proportion of subjects) | |
One or more ROIs with FA more than 2.2 SDs below control-group mean | 11 (25.0%)a,b | 14 (43.8%)b | 5 (10.0%)a |
One or more ROIs with FA more than 2.2 SDs above control group mean | 8 (18.2%)c | 5 (15.6%)c | 8 (16.0%)c |
Each superscript denotes a subset of participants whose column proportions do not differ significantly from one another, by Pearson's χ2 test with p < 0.05. Row 1: There was a statistically significant difference between CT/MRI-positive mTBI (43.8%) and control subjects (10.0%), with one or more ROIs with FA more than 2.2 SDs below the control group mean (p = 0.0006). There was no significant difference between CT/MRI-negative mTBI patients (25.0%) and controls (10.0%; p = 0.06). There was also no significant difference between CT/MRI-positive (43.8%) and CT/MRI-negative mTBI patients (25.0%; p = 0.14). Row 2: There was no significant difference among the proportions of CT/MRI-negative mTBI (18.2%), CT/MRI-positive mTBI (15.6%), and control subjects (16.0%) with one or more ROIs with FA more than 2.2 SDs above the control group mean (p = 0.96).
DTI, diffusion tensor imaging; ROI, region of interest; CT, computed tomography; MRI, magnetic resonance imaging; mTBI, mild traumatic brain injury; FA, fractional anisotropy; SD, standard deviation.