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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2015 Jun 6.
Published in final edited form as: Circ Res. 2014 Jun 6;114(12):1959–1975. doi: 10.1161/CIRCRESAHA.114.302782

Table 2.

Summary of published literature regarding acute coronary syndrome in low- and middle-income countries.

Study Region Study Design N Mean Age In-Hospital Discharge F/U %Morality
ASA ACE-I/ARB Statin BB Reperfusion ASA ACE-I/ARB Statin BB
ACCEPT (106) Brazil Registry 2,485 63 0.97 0.68 0.91 0.80 0.88* NR NR NR NR 30-Day 1.6
ACCESS (116) Algeria, Argentina, Brazil, Colombia, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Egypt, Guatemala, Iran, Jordan, Kuwait, Lebanon, Mexico, Morocco, Saudi Arabia, South Africa, Tunisia, United Arab Emirates, Venezuela Registry 12,068 59.2 0.93 0.78 0.94 0.78 0.28 0.90 0.75 0.89 0.76 12 months 7.3
Aga Khan University Hospital, Nairobi (101) Nairobi, Kenya Registry 111 64 NR NR NR NR 0.38 NR NR NR NR In-Hospital 8.1
Brazilian Registry of Acute Coronary Syndromes (RBSCA) (100) Brazil Registry 2,693 63 0.95 0.70 0.77 0.77 0.643 graphic file with name nihms594188ig1.jpg NR NR NR NR In-Hospital 5.5
BRIDGE-ACS (177)◆) Brazil Randomized Trial 548 62 0.958 NR 0.729 NR NR 0.928 0.761 0.86 0.817 30-Day 8.4
CRACE (108) China Registry 1,301 63 0.98 0.82 0.74 0.98 0.64 NR NR NR NR In-Hospital 4
CREATE (130) India Registry 20,937 58 0.979** 0.568 0.52 0.59 0.104 graphic file with name nihms594188ig1.jpg NR NR NR NR 30-Day 6.7
DEMAT (118) India Registry 1,565 58 0.96 NR 0.93 0.79 0.67 0.94 0.66 0.88 0.79 30-Day 2.1
Euro Heart Survey 2009 AMI Snapshot (107) ♓ Armenia, Bosnia-Herzegovinia, Bulgaria, Croatia, Czech Republic, Georgia, Hungary, Kazakhstan, Kosovo, Macedonia, Moldova, Poland, Romania, Russian Federation, Serbia and Montenegro, Slovakia, Slovenia, Ukraine Cross-Sectional Survey 1,329 64 0.96 0.86 0.92 0.84 0.62 0.92 0.85 0.92 0.84 In-Hospital 9
Gulf RACE-2 (109) Bahrain, Saudi Arabiam Qatar, Oman, United Arab Emirates, Yemen Registry 7,930 57 0.98 0.76 0.95 0.74 0.18 0.93 0.78 0.91 0.79 12 months 12
Kerala ACS Registry (98) Kerala, India Registry 25,748 60 0.93 0.28 0.70 0.66 0.33 0.76 0.26 0.70 0.63 In-Hospital 3.9
OASIS-2 (95) Bangladesh, China, India, Lithuania, Russia, Maldives, Slovenia, Ukraine Registry 4,615 60.7 0.95 NR NR 0.67 NR NR NR NR NR 24 months 9.5
PURE (119,120) ❖ Argentina, Bangladesh, Brazil, Canada, Chile, China, Colombia, India, Iran, Malaysia, Poland, Pakistan, South Africa, Sweden, Turkey, United Arab Emirates, Zimbabwe Prospective Cohort 153,966 57 NA NA NA NA NA 0.21 0.16 0.09 0.17 NR NR
RENASICA II (99) Mexico Registry 8,600 62 0.88 0.71 0.14 0.51 graphic file with name nihms594188ig1.jpg graphic file with name nihms594188ig1.jpg 0.51 NR NR NR NR 30-Day 10
TACSR (113) Thailand Registry 9,373 NR 0.95 0.63 0.80 0.62 0.37 NR NR NR NR In-Hospital 12.6
TRACS (114) Thailand Registry 2,007 64 0.99 0.71 0.94 0.62 0.48 NR NR NR NR 12-Months 17.7
UAE-ACS Registry (110) United Arab Emirates Registry 1,842 51 0.95 0.70 0.93 0.81 0.814*** 0.92 0.68 0.90 0.82 In-Hospital 1.7
WHO-PREMISE (121) Brazil, Egypt, India, Indonesia, Iran, Pakistan, Russia, Sri Lanka, Tunisia, Turkey Cross-Sectional Survey 10,000 59 NA NA NA NA NA 0.821 0.398 0.298 0.481 NA NA
WHO-SAGE (128) China, Ghana, India, Mexico, Russia, South Africa Prospective Cohort 47,443 44 NA NA NA NA NA NR NR NR NR NR NR
◆

BRIDGE-ACS (177) data from control arm only.

♓

Euro Heart Study data from Central and Eastern regions only

❖

PURE study ages for CHD only, proportions for CHD in LMICs only.

*

STEMI patients only;

graphic file with name nihms594188ig1.jpg

PCI + CABG;

**

Any antiplatelet agents;

graphic file with name nihms594188ig1.jpg graphic file with name nihms594188ig1.jpg

Fibrinolytics & CABG & deferred PCI;

***

STEMI with LBBB patients only

NA = not applicable; NT = not reported