Figure 8.

Transcriptional Analysis Based on qRT-PCR.

(A) and (B) Gene expression of cell wall–related genes predicted to be involved in the ARF10/16-mediated Al-induced inhibition of root growth.

(C) Expression of the Al resistance–associated genes ALMT1 and MATE.

Six-day-old seedlings were exposed to 10 μM AlCl₃ for 24 h. UBQ1 was used as the reference, and a nontreated wild type was used as the sample control. Values represent means ± se (n = 3). Asterisks indicate that wild-type and arf10/16 mutant means differ significantly at *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, and ***P < 0.001 (t test).

[See online article for color version of this figure.]