Table 2.

Treatment modalities of participants in RAMP-DM group and usual care group at baseline and 12 months

	RAMP-DM (N = 1072)	Usual care (N = 1072)
	n(%)		P-value a
Treatment Modalities at baseline
On oral glucose-lowering drugs	949 (88.5%)	941 (87.8%)	0.593
On insulin	17 (1.59%)	76 (7.1%)	<0.001
On anti-hypertensive drugs	835 (77.9%)	818 (76.3%)	0.382
On lipid-lowering drugs	866 (80.8%)	880 (82.1%)	0.437
Treatment Modalities at 12 months
On oral glucose-lowering drugs	967 (90.2%)	949 (88.5%)	0.207
On insulin	63 (5.9%)	115 (10.7%)	<0.001
On anti-hypertensive drugs	871 (81.3%)	852 (79.5%)	0.302
On lipid-lowering drugs	935 (87.2%)	949 (88.5%)	0.354
Enrolled in PEP	77 (7.2%)	28 (2.6%)	<0.001
Receiving nurse assessment	1072 (100%)	--	--
Receiving nurse intervention	766 420 (39.2%)	--	--
Receiving associate consultant intervention	143 (13.3%)	--	--
Receiving allied health professionals intervention	190 (17.8%)	12 (1.1%)	<0.001

^aChi square test.

PEP, patient empowerment program.