Table 3.
Weight and adiposity over the course of ten weeks of sugar-sweetened milk consumption.
| Body Composition | 8% Sucrose | 8% HFCS | 18% HFCS | 18% Sucrose | 30% HFCS | 30% Sucrose | Pooled Cohort | Time × Sugar Type Interaction p |
Time × Sugar Level Interaction p |
Time × Sugar Type × Level Interaction p |
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Body Weight (lbs) | Pre | 175.6 ± 32.9 | 168.6 ± 31.2 | 168.6 ± 31.2 | 165.8 ± 30.5 | 172.7 ± 27.6 | 163.9 ± 30.5 | 169.1 ± 30.6 | 0.114 | 0.018 | 0.855 |
| Post | 178.0 ± 34.1 | 170.5 ±32.5 | 169.9 ± 30.6 | 168.2 ± 32.7 | 175.8 ± 28.8 | 168.2 ± 31.4 | 171.6 ± 31.8 *** | ||||
| BMI (kg/M2) | Pre | 27.6 ± 3.9 | 27.1 ±3.7 | 27.1 ± 3.5 | 26.3 ± 3.1 | 27.9 ± 3.7 | 26.2 ± 3.3 | 27.0 ± 3.6 | 0.165 | 0.016 | 0.814 |
| Post | 27.9 ± 4.1 | 27.4 ± 4.0 | 27.3 ± 3.6 | 26.6 ± 3.4 | 28.4 ± 3.9 | 26.9 ± 3.3 | 27.4 ± 3.7 *** | ||||
| Waist Circumference (cm) | Pre | 85.7 ± 10.0 | 84.9 ± 9.9 | 84.8 ± 10.1 | 83.1 ± 8.9 | 87.1 ± 9.2 | 83.0 ± 10.4 | 84.7 ± 9.8 | 0.054 | 0.268 | 0.943 |
| Post | 86.0 ± 10.0 | 84.7 ± 10.4 | 84.7 ± 9.9 | 83.7 ± 9.9 | 87.5 ± 9.5 | 83.8 ± 10.3 | 85.0 ± 10.0 * | ||||
| Body Fat Percentage | Pre | 32.7 ± 9.1 | 35.2 ± 9.0 | 32.6 ± 9.0 | 32.4 ± 8.1 | 37.1 ± 8.1 | 31.5 ± 8.5 | 33.6 ± 8.8 | 0.293 | 0.055 | 0.389 |
| Post | 32.7 ± 9.2 | 35.4 ± 9.1 | 33.0 ± 8.8 | 33.2 ± 8.2 | 37.5 ± 8.0 | 32.4 ± 8.1 | 34.1 ± 8.7 *** | ||||
| Fat Mass (kg) | Pre | 27.1 ± 11.5 | 26.2 ± 8.9 | 24.7 ± 9.0 | 23.7 ± 7.0 | 28.5 ± 8.2 | 22.3 ± 7.3 | 25.4 ± 8.9 | 0.778 | 0.022 | 0.128 |
| Post | 26.4 ± 9.8 | 26.8 ± 9.5 | 25.2 ± 8.8 | 24.8 ± 7.5 | 29.6 ± 9.0 | 23.7 ± 7.6 | 26.1 ± 8.9 *** | ||||
| Fat Free Mass (kg) | Pre | 55.7 ± 10.9 | 50.6 ± 10.9 | 53.0 ± 10.7 | 52.8 ± 12.4 | 50.6 ± 9.3 | 51.3 ± 10.9 | 52.3 ± 10.9 | 0.038 | 0.398 | 0.886 |
| Post | 56.3 ± 11.2 | 50.8 ± 11.1 | 53.1 ± 10.1 | 53.2 ± 12.7 | 50.9 ± 9.0 | 52.1 ± 11.1 | 52.7 ± 11.0 *** |
* Different than pre p < 0.05; *** different than pre, p < 0.001. Beverages included HFCS- or sucrose-sweetened low-fat milk to provide 8%, 18% or 30% of the calories required for weight maintenance. “Pooled cohort” includes pooled data from all 355 participants who consumed sugar-sweetened, low-fat milk for ten weeks.