Table 1.

Mean values (M) and standard deviations (SD) of subjective effort listed for all three paradigms (columns) and tasks (rows).

		Word-pairs	Sentences	Oddball	Mean per task
Ignore task	M	32.55	55.99	46.89	45.15
	SD	22.08	56.99	40.52	42.66
Passive task	M	72.91	80.01	89.39	80.77
	SD	47.24	58.11	55.82	53.34
Focused task	M	73.76	85.98	83.71	81.15
	SD	46.09	59.84	54.37	52.98

Scale range: 0–220, seven labels ranging from “rarely strenuous” at 20 to “extraordinarily strenuous” at about 205.