Table 4.
Comparison of various optima reported in literature for CMCase production by Bacillus sp.
| Bacillus sp. | Source of isolation | Medium component to optimize | Method | Optimum conc. (g/L) | Scale of experiments | Cellulase activity (U/mL) | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (a) Representative literature review for optimization of medium components | |||||||
| B. subtilis | Soil | Glucose | OVAT | 50 | Shake flask | 1.0 | Sethi et al. (2013) |
| Ammonium sulphate | 5 | ||||||
| – | – | ||||||
| B. subtilis AS3 | Cow dung | CMC | Plackett–Burman and CCD | 18 | Shake flask | 0.43 | Deka et al. (2011) |
| Yeast extract | 4.79 | ||||||
| Peptone | 8 | ||||||
| B. sp. VG1 | Soil from hot spring | CMC | OVAT | 10 | Shake flask | 0.63 | Singh et al. (2001) |
| Tryptone | 5 | ||||||
| – | – | ||||||
| B. subtilis subsp. subtilis A-53 | Sea water | Rice bran | OVAT | 20 | 7-L Bioreactor | 137 | Lee et al. (2010) |
| Yeast extract | 2.5 | ||||||
| – | – | ||||||
| B. amyloliquefaciens DL3 | Soil | Rice hull | OVAT | 20 | 7-L Bioreactor | 153 | Lee et al. (2008) |
| Peptone | 2.5 | ||||||
| Ammonium sulphate | 0.6 | ||||||
| B. Subtilis KO | Product of sugar factory | Molasses + cellulose | OVAT | 1.0 | Shake flask | 35 | Shabeb et al. (2010) |
| (NH4)2 PO4 or tryptone | 2.0 | ||||||
| – | – | ||||||
| B. pumilus EB3 | Oil palm empty fruit bunch | CMC | OVAT | 10 | Shake flask | 0.076 | Ariffin et al. (2008) |
| Yeast extract | 2.5 | ||||||
| Ammonium sulphate | 2.5 | ||||||
| B. amyloliquefaciens SS35 | Rhinoceros dung | CMC | Plackett–Burman and CCD | 19.05 | Shake flask | 0.55 | This study |
| Yeast extract | 8.0 | ||||||
| Peptone | 2.0 | ||||||
| Bacillus sp. | Source of isolation | Optimization parameter | Method | Optimum value | Scale of experiments | Cellulase activity (U/mL) | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (b) Representative literature review for optimization of fermentation parameters | |||||||
| B. amyloliquefaciens UMAS1002 | Sago pith waste | pH | OVAT | 6.0 | Shake flask | 9.38 | Khan and Husaini (2006) |
| Temperature (°C) | 40 | ||||||
| Inoculum size (%, v/v) | 4 | ||||||
| Shaking speed (rpm) | 100 | ||||||
| Bacillus sp. | Coir retting effluents | pH | OVAT | 7.0 | Shake flask | 0.0196 | Immanuel et al. (2006) |
| Temperature (°C) | 40 | ||||||
| Inoculum size (%, v/v) | ND | ||||||
| Shaking speed (rpm) | ND | ||||||
| B. amyloliquefaciens UNPDV-22 | Hot spring | pH | CCD | 5.25 | Shake flask | 13 | Vasudeo and Lew (2011) |
| Temperature (°C) | 42.24 | ||||||
| Inoculum size (%, v/v) | 4.95 | ||||||
| Shaking speed (rpm) | ND | ||||||
| B. subtilis AS3 | Cow dung | pH | CCD | 7.2 | Shake flask and 2-L bioreactor | 0.56 (shake flask) and 0.75 (bioreactor) | Deka et al. (2013) |
| Temperature (°C) | 39 | ||||||
| Inoculum size (%, v/v) | 121 | ||||||
| Shaking speed (rpm) | ND | ||||||
| B. subtilis | Soil | pH | OVAT | 10.0 | Shake flask | 0.9 | Sethi et al. (2013) |
| Temperature (°C) | 40 | ||||||
| Inoculum size (%, v/v) | ND | ||||||
| Shaking speed (rpm) | ND | ||||||
| B. subtilis subsp. subtilis A-53 | Sea water | pH | OVAT | 6.8 | 7-L Bioreactor | 137 | Lee et al. (2010) |
| Temperature (°C) | 30 | ||||||
| Inoculum size (%, v/v) | ND | ||||||
| Shaking speed (rpm) | ND | ||||||
| B. amyloliquefaciens DL3 | Soil | pH | OVAT | 6.8 | 7-L Bioreactor | 367 | Lee et al. (2008) |
| Temperature (°C) | 37 | ||||||
| Inoculum size (%, v/v) | ND | ||||||
| Shaking speed (rpm) | ND | ||||||
| B. amyloliquefaciens SS35 | Rhinoceros dung | pH | CCD | 5.65 | Shake flask | 0.693 | This study |
| Temperature (°C) | 40.4 | ||||||
| Inoculum size (%, v/v) | 6.96 | ||||||
| Shaking speed (rpm) | 120 | ||||||
ND not determined