Table 2.
Prevalence studies for autism in tuberous sclerosis complex
| Instrument | Administration method(time) | Children with severe or profound ID included (Y/N) | Measured prevalence of autism in TSC (N) | Ref. |
| ADOS | Observation schedule (20-30 min) | N | 29% (28) +ADI | [18] |
| 15-33% (4 age-based groups of 12-15) | ||||
| ADI | Structured Interview (2-3 h) | Y-severe | 54% (13) | [15,16] |
| 20% (20) | ||||
| SRS | 65-item Screening Questionnaire (15-20 min) | N (37 w/IQ data) | 52% (21) | [22] |
| SCQ | 40-item Screening Questionnaire (15-20 min) | Y-severe | 43% (21) | [22] |
| Hunt and Dennis Questionnaire | 321 item interview/13-item subset for autism (1-4 h) | Y-estimates only | 50% (90) | [2,9,14,23] |
| 26% (23) | ||||
| 24% (21) | ||||
| 5% (131) | ||||
| DSM III-R | Checklist (10-20 min) | Y-severe | 61% (28) | [3] |
These are reviewed studies reporting epidemiology of autism in tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC). ADI: Autism diagnostic interview; DSM: Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders; ADOS: Autism diagnostic observation schedule; SRS: Social responsiveness scale; SCQ: Social communication questionnaire; Y: Yes; N: No.