Figure 1.

Primary cultured microglia and neurons (immunofluorescence, × 400).

(A) Microglia in the control (lipopolysaccharide-untreated) group had a ramified appearance, a small body, thin long processes, and expressed ion-ized calcium-binding adapter molecule 1 (IBA-1) (arrow); (B) after treatment with lipopolysaccharide, microglia were in an activated state, with a round amoeboid body, retracted processes, and darkly stained with IBA-1 (arrow); (C) neurons extended axons and long dendrites and expressed microtubule-associated protein 2 (arrow).