. 2014 Aug 27;9(8):e105804. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0105804

Table 3. Hazard ratio, survival time ratio, odds ratio and population attributable fraction (PAF) for coronary heart disease risk factors.

Risk factors	Hazard Ratio(95% CI)^a	Time Ratio (95%CI)^a ^b	Odds Ratio(95% CI)^c	Average PAF(%)^c ^d
Men
High risk age	3.9 (2.9–5.3)	0.44 (0.36–0.54)	4.0 (3.0–5.6)	42.0
Family history of cardiovascular diseases	1.4 (1.1–1.9)	0.81 (0.68–0.97)	1.4 (1.0–2.0)	2.5
Current smoking	1.6 (1.2–2.0)	0.76 (0.66–0.88)	1.7 (1.3–2.2)	7.0
Hypertension	1.8 (1.4–2.2)	0.71 (0.61–0.82)	1.9 (1.4–2.4)	9.4
Diabetes mellitus	2.0 (1.6–2.6)	0.65 (0.55–0.76)	2.1 (1.6–2.9)	6.7
High total cholesterol	1.6 (1.3–2.1)	0.74 (0.65–0.86)	1.7 (1.3–2.3)	7.3
Low HDL cholesterol	1.2 (0.9–1.5)	0.90 (0.78–1.04)	1.2 (0.9–1.6)	6.1
Women
High risk age	2.7 (2.0–3.6)	0.56 (0.47–0.67)	3.0 (2.2–4.1)	22.0
Family history of cardiovascular diseases	1.7 (1.3–2.3)	0.73 (0.62–0.86)	1.9 (1.4–2.6)	6.8
Current smoking	1.2 (0.6–2.4)	0.89 (0.60–1.30)	1.3 (0.6–2.6)
Hypertension	2.1 (1.6–2.8)	0.65 (0.54–0.77)	2.3 (1.7–3.1)	17.0
Diabetes mellitus	3.2 (2.4–4.2)	0.51 (0.43–0.61)	3.5 (2.6–4.8)	16.6
High total cholesterol	1.6 (1.2–2.2)	0.75 (0.64–0.89)	1.7 (1.3–2.3)	12.0
Low HDL cholesterol	1.3 (1.0–1.6)	0.88 (0.75–1.02)	1.3 (1.0–1.7)	4.6

For study population of 2889 men and 3803 women with at least one year of follow-up.

Time ratio <1.0 indicates acceleration of time to the cardiac event or shortening of event free survival time.

For study population of 2645 men and 3400 women with a complete follow-up. Hosmer-Lemeshow chi-square of 11.0 in men and 6.7 in women indicated appropriate logistic models.

A multivariable adjusted attributable fraction which is directly calculated from individuals’ data using logistic regression and considers an average of all possible sequences for removal of risk factors in the community.