Table 2.
Comparison of urinary parameters in male and female study participants stratified into three age groups
| Urinary parameters | Study participants | Significance (p) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age group: 2–6.99 years | |||
| Boys (n = 342) | Girls (n = 342) | ||
| Age (years) | 4.77 (2.47–6.71) | 4.78 (2.75–6.66) | 0.23 |
| Weight (kg) | 18.50 (13.50–28.00) | 18.50 (13.55–25.00) | 0.25 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 15.61 (13.50–18.89) | 15.44 (13.15–18.18) | 0.37 |
| Urine pH | 6.52 (5.71–7.16) | 6.49 (5.69–7.30) | 0.73 |
| Calcium (mg/kg/24 h) | 1.87 (0.88–3.72) | 1.90 (0.76–3.29) | 0.71 |
| Creatinine (g/24 h) | 0.34 (0.18–0.51) | 0.33 (0.22–0.44) | 0.51 |
| Citrates (mg/dL) | 40.99 (11.21–127.69) | 52.09 (15.22–135.34) | <0.001 |
| Citrates (mg/24 h) | 258.19 (67.14–659.06 | 278.77 (87.17–734.13 | 0.14 |
| Citrates (mg/g creat/24 h) | 763.45 (242.69–1,778.37) | 863.19 (290.36–2,369.60) | 0.04 |
| Citrates (mg/kg/24 h) | 13.59 (4.21–3.90) | 15.06 (5.22–41.40) | 0.06 |
| Citrates (mg/1.73 m2/24 h) | 591.15 (176.97–1,468.67) | 650.56 (218.58–1,726.39) | 0.09 |
| Calcium/citrates (mg/mg) | 0.15 (0.05–0.48) | 0.13 (0.03–0.42) | <0.001 |
| Age group: 7–12.99 years | |||
| Boys (n = 450) | Girls (n = 450) | ||
| Age (years) | 10.38 (7.21–12.72) | 10.31 (7.27–12.75) | 0.33 |
| Weight (kg) | 36.00 (23.00–57.00) | 35.00 (22.40–53.00) | 0.02 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 17.72 (14.26–23.51) | 17.36 (14.13–22.49) | 0.09 |
| Urine pH | 6.22 (5.69–7.01) | 6.40 (5.71–7.00) | <0.001 |
| Calcium (mg/kg/24 h) | 1.91 (0.79–3.75) | 1.56 (0.55–3.36) | <0.001 |
| Creatinine (g/24 h) | 0.80 (0.50–1.12) | 0.66 (0.44–0.99) | <0.001 |
| Citrates (mg/dL) | 50.06 (11.28–127.41) | 64.19 (18.81–210.35) | <0.001 |
| Citrates (mg/24 h) | 425.14 (102.26–989.02 | 446.11 (161.63–1,067.23 | 0.003 |
| Citrates (mg/g creat/24 h) | 550.38 (139.03–1,212.10) | 687.29 (261.44–1,462.17) | <0.001 |
| Citrates (mg/kg/24 h) | 11.35 (3.13–24.81) | 12.76 (4.98–29.92) | <0.001 |
| Citrates (mg/1.73 m2/24 h) | 599.90 (162.50–1,272.99) | 656.66 (253.03–1,498.15) | <0.001 |
| Calcium/citrates (mg/mg) | 0.17 (0.05–0.60) | 0.12 (0.04–0.47) | <0.001 |
| Age group:13.00–17.99 years | |||
| Boys (n = 375) | Girls (n = 375) | ||
| Age (years) | 15.44 (13.26–17.82) | 15.34 (13.31–17.88) | 0.64 |
| Weight (kg) | 65.20 (42.00–81.90) | 55.00 (40.00–69.00) | <0.001 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 21.13 (16.44–25.25) | 20.45 (17.22–24.24) | <0.001 |
| Urine pH | 6.22 (5.63–6.90) | 6.35 (5.66–6.96) | <0.001 |
| Calcium (mg/kg/24 h) | 1.71 (0.71–3.79) | 1.93 (0.92–3.50) | <0.001 |
| Creatinine (g/24 h) | 1.40 (0.97–1.94) | 1.08 (0.80–1.36) | <0.001 |
| Citrates (mg/dL) | 43.96 (10.11–142.79) | 70.77 (21.30–211.46) | <0.001 |
| Citrates (mg/24 h) | 490.12 (130.05–1,327.90) | 659.58 (230.55–1,589.42) | <0.001 |
| Citrates (mg/g creat/24 h) | 339.65 (89.68–976.42) | 610.83 (216.30–1,403.67) | <0.001 |
| Citrates (mg/kg/24 h) | 7.69 (2.17–21.98) | 12.28 (4.16–28.38) | <0.001 |
| Citrates (mg/1.73 m2/24 h) | 475.97 (130.82–1,329.07) | 729.45 (248.75–1,696.49) | <0.001 |
| Calcium/citrates (mg/mg) | 0.22 (0.06–0.80) | 0.16 (0.05–0.60) | <0.001 |
Values are presented as the median, with the range (5–95 %) given in parenthesis.
BMI, Body mass index