. 2014 Apr 2;5(2):91–96. doi: 10.1016/j.shaw.2014.03.001

Table 3.

Mean concentration of biomarkers in exhaled breath condensate related to COPD

	Non-COPD (n = 53)		COPD (n = 37)		p
	Non-COPD (n = 53)		COPD (n = 37)		Univariate^∗	Multivariate^†
H₂O₂ (μM)^‡	0.38	(1.96)	0.39	(2.30)	0.842	0.425
MDA (nM)^§	4.64	(2.66)	6.46	(3.40)	0.005	0.002
3-NT (nM)^‡	3.51	(2.91)	5.50	(2.41)	0.039	0.042

3-NT, 3-nitrotyrosine; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; MDA, malondialdehyde.

^∗

Calculated by t test.

^†

Calculated using a multiple regression model to adjust for age, body mass index, exposure period, smoking status (no/yes), cumulative smoking, pneumoconiosis (no/yes), and each biomarkers in exhaled breath condensate (log H₂O₂, MDA, log 3-NT).

^‡

Geometric mean (geometric standard deviation).

^§

Arithmetic mean (standard deviation).