Table 1.
Enzymatic activity of type II thioesterases
| Type II thioesterase | Substrate | kcat/KM (M−1 s−1) | kcat (min−1) | KM (mM) | References |
| TylO, tylosin cluster of Streptomyces fradiae (PKS) | Acetyl-NAC | 2.5 | ND | ND | Heathcote et al. 2001 |
| Propionyl-NAC | 12.9 | 29.2 | 37.9 | ||
| Butyryl-NAC | 6.5 | 11.0 | 28.2 | ||
| Pentanoate-NAC | 1.7 | ND | ND | ||
| Diketidea-NAC | 0.9 | ND | ND | ||
| Acetyl-p-NP | 83 | ND | ND | ||
| Propionyl-p-NP | 439 | ND | ND | ||
| Butyryl-p-NP | 306 | ND | ND | ||
| Pentanoate-p-NP | 284 | ND | ND | ||
| Triketideb-p-NP | 39 | ND | ND | ||
| Acetyl-NAC | 5.8 | 14.8 | 42.8 | Zhou et al. 2008 | |
| Propionyl-NAC | 10.9 | 23.2 | 35.6 | ||
| FscTE, FR-008/candicidin cluster of Streptomyces sp. strain FR-008 (PKS) | Acetyl-NAC | 35.7 | 71.6 | 33.4 | Zhou et al. 2008 |
| Propionyl-NAC | 56.9 | 109.2 | 32.0 | ||
| ScoT, coelimycin cluster of Streptomyces coelicolor A3(2) (PKS) | Acetyl-NAC | 33 | 109 | 56 | Kotowska et al. 2009 |
| Propionyl-NAC | 221 | 450 | 34 | ||
| Butyryl-NAC | 17 | 54 | 52 | ||
| Acetyl-p-NP | 788 | ND | ND | ||
| Propionyl-p-NP | 3567 | ND | ND | ||
| Butyryl-p-NP | 485 | ND | ND | ||
| PikAV, pikromycin cluster of Streptomyces venezuelae (PKS) | Acetyl-ATLACPL | 4.9 | ND | ND | Kim et al. 2002 |
| Propionyl-ATLACPL | 15.8 | ND | ND | ||
| Butyryl-ATLACPL | 17.5 | ND | ND | ||
| Malonyl-ATLACPL | 3.9 | ND | ND | ||
| Methylmalonyl-ATLACPL | 3.3 | ND | ND | ||
| Methylmalonyl-PikAIII | 2.9 | ND | ND | ||
| NanE, nanchangmycin cluster of Streptomyces nanchangensis NS3226 (PKS) | Nanchangmycin-NAC | 2.5 | 0.0036 | 0.024 | Liu et al. 2008 |
| Nanchangmycin aglycone-NAC | 0.15 | 0.0020 | 0.220 | ||
| Monensin-NAC | 0.070 | 0.00115 | 0.270 | ||
| Salinomycin-NAC | − | − | − | ||
| Diketidec-NAC | 0.080 | 0.210 | 44 | ||
| Ketodiketided-NAC | 1.35 | 5.2 | 64 | ||
| Seco-10-deoxymethynolide-NAC | − | − | − | ||
| Seco-7-dihydro-10-deoxymethynolide-NAC | − | − | − | ||
| TycF, tyrocidine cluster of Bacillus brevis (NRPS) | Acetyl-NAC | 2.2 | ND | ND | Yeh et al. 2004 |
| Ala-NAC | 1.8 | ND | ND | ||
| Acetyl-D-Ala-NAC | 1.0 | ND | ND | ||
| Acetyl-D-Leu-NAC | 5.0 | ND | ND | ||
| D-Phe-NAC | 6.8 | ND | ND | ||
| Phe-NAC | 5.3 | ND | ND | ||
| Acetyl-Phe-NAC | 7.2 | ND | ND | ||
| Leu-NAC | 4.0 | ND | ND | ||
| Acetyl-Leu-NAC | 23.3 | ND | ND | ||
| D-Phe-PheATE | 2500 | ND | ND | ||
| Phe-PheATE | 3000 | ND | ND | ||
| TEIIsrf, surfactin cluster of Bacillus subtilis (NRPS) | D-Phe-PheATE | 3000 | ND | ND | Yeh et al. 2004 |
| Phe-PheATE | 2666 | ND | ND | ||
| Acetyl-PCP | 1.75 x 106 | 95 | 0.9 x 10-3 | Schwarzer et al. 2002 | |
| RifR, rifamycin cluster of Amycolatopsis mediterranei (PKS/NRPS) | Decanoyl-CoA | 160 | ND | ND | Claxton et al. 2009 |
| Octanoyl-CoA | 31 | ND | ND | ||
| Propionyl-CoA | 25 | ND | ND | ||
| Butyryl-CoA | 13 | ND | ND | ||
| Acetyl-CoA | 11 | ND | ND | ||
| Isobutyryl-CoA | 9.6 | ND | ND | ||
| Hexanoyl-CoA | 5.9 | ND | ND | ||
| Methylmalonyl-CoA | 1.8 | ND | ND | ||
| Malonyl-CoA | 1.5 | ND | ND | ||
| Propionyl-RifM1 | 210 | ND | ND | ||
| Acetyl-RifM1 | 150 | ND | ND | ||
| Methylmalonyl-RifM1 | 54 | ND | ND | ||
| RedJ, prodiginine cluster of S. coelicolor A3(2) (PKS/NRPS) | Decanoyl-RedQ | 460 | 138 | 5.2 | Whicher et al. 2011 |
| Decanoyl-AcpP | 660 | 198 | 5.0 | ||
| Dodecanoyl-AcpP | 3316 | 498 | 2.5 | ||
| Acetyl-AcpP | 55 | 200 | 60 | ||
| Malonyl-AcpP | − | − | − | ||
| Malonyl-RedQ | − | − | − | ||
| Decanoyl-CoA | 0.67 | 3.0 | 70.0 | ||
| Dodecanoyl-CoA | 2.08 | 2.0 | 16.7 | ||
| Acetyl-CoA | 0.02 | 1.2 | 1050 | ||
| Malonyl-CoA | − | − | − | ||
| Type II thioesterase | Substrate | Activity | References | ||
| TEII, DEBS cluster of Saccharopolyspora erythraea (PKS) | Acetyl-ACP2 | − | Hu et al. 2003 | ||
| Acetyl-ACPL | ++ | ||||
| Propionyl-ACPL | − | ||||
| Butyryl-ACPL | − | ||||
| ScoT, coelimycin cluster of Streptomyces coelicolor A3(2) (PKS) | Propionyl-p-NP | ++ | Kotowska et al. 2014 | ||
| Dodecanoyl-p-NP | + | ||||
| TEIIsrf, surfactin cluster of Bacillus subtilis (NRPS) | Pro-ProCAT | + | Schwarzer et al. 2002 | ||
| D-Phe-Pro-Leu-TycA/ProCAT-LeuCAT | + | ||||
| Acetyl-ACPFAS | − | ||||
| TEIIbac, bacitracin cluster of Bacillus licheniformis (NRPS) | Pro-ProCAT | + | |||
| Acetyl-PCP | ++ | ||||
| Acetyl-ACPFAS | − | ||||
Results of the experiments where kinetic constants were not determined are shown qualitatively in the second part of the table. Symbols and abbreviations:
++ high activity, + low activity, − no reaction, CoA coenzyme A, NAC N-acetyl cysteamine, ND not determined, p-NP p-nitrophenyl, ACP2 ACP from module 2 of 6-deoxyerythronolide synthase (DEBS), ACP FAS ACP from the fatty acid synthase, ACP L ACP from the loading module of DEBS, AcpP ACP from E. coli fatty acid synthase, AT L ACP L loading module of DEBS, PCP PCP domain from module 2 of tyrocidine synthetase, PheATE module 1 of gramicidin synthetase, PikAIII module 5 of pikromycin synthase, ProCAT module 2 of tyrocidine synthetase, RedQ ACP of the prodiginine pathway, RifM1 module 1 of rifamycin synthase, TycA/ProCAT-LeuCAT hybrid NRPS made of modules 1, 2 and 10 of tyrocidine synthetase
aAnalog of the first condensation product with opposite configuration of hydroxyl group
bAnalog of the second condensation product with opposite configuration of methyl group
c(2S,3R)-2-Methyl-3-hydroxypentanoyl-NAC
d2-Methyl-3-ketopentanoyl-NAC