. 2014 Aug 15;16(8):e192. doi: 10.2196/jmir.3469

Table 3.

Behavior change techniques present in monitoring systems, by number of systems (N=13).

BCT category	BCT	Monitors, n
Goals and planning	Goal setting (behavior)^a	13
	Problem solving^a	1
	Goal setting (outcome)	8
	Action planning^a	5
	Review behavior goal(s)^a	10
	Discrepancy between current behavior and goal	13
	Review outcome goal(s)	7
	Commitment	4
Feedback and monitoring	Feedback on behavior^a	13
	Self-monitoring of behavior^a	13
	Self-monitoring of outcome(s) of behavior	8
	Biofeedback	2
	Feedback on outcome(s) of behavior	8
Social support	Social support (unspecified)^a	8
	Social support (practical)	2
	Social support (emotional)	4
Shaping knowledge	Instruction on how to perform the behavior^a	2
Shaping knowledge	Information about antecedents	1
Natural consequences	Information about health consequences^a	6
	Information about social and environmental consequences^a	1
	Monitoring of emotional consequences	4
	Information about emotional consequences^a	1
Comparison of behavior	Social comparison^a	8
Associations	Prompts/cues	7
Repetition and substitution	Behavior substitution	1
	Habit formation	1
	Graded tasks	3
Comparison of outcomes	Credible source	2
Reward and threat	Non-specific reward	6
	Social reward	8
	Reward (outcome)	1
Antecedents	Adding objects to the environment	13
Scheduled consequences	Situation-specific reward	3
Scheduled consequences	Reward incompatible behavior	1
Self-belief	Focus on past successes	7

^aThis BCT was identified in the literature as associated with successful intervention.