Table 5.
Mean daily energy and nutrient intakes estimated by online Food4Me FFQ and 4-day WFR and general linear model (GLM) results (n=49).
| Nutrienta | Questionnaire, mean (SD) | GLM analysis, P | ||
|
|
Food4Me FFQ1 | 4-day WFR | Controlled for energy | Controlled for energy and genderb |
| Energy (kcal) | 2115.2 (809.1) | 1936.9 (505.8) | .11c | — |
| Total fat (g) | 79.6 (36.2) | 68.6 (22.2) | .10 | .10 |
| Total fat (%TE) | 33.1 (4.5) | 31.6 (5.1) | .13 | .13 |
| SFA (g) | 45.6 (15.6) | 24.3 (10.4) | <.001 | <.001 |
| SFA (%TE) | 13.1 (2.3) | 11.0 (2.9) | <.001 | <.001 |
| MUFA (g) | 29.8 (4.5) | 21.4 (7.3) | <.001 | <.001 |
| MUFA (%TE) | 12.4 (2.6) | 9.8 (2.0) | <.001 | <.001 |
| PUFA (g) | 12.7 (4.9) | 10.7 (4.6) | .12 | .12 |
| PUFA (%TE) | 5.44 (0.9) | 4.97 (1.6) | .10 | .10 |
| Protein (g) | 87.2 (36.0) | 77.2 (21.4) | .31 | .31 |
| Protein (%TE) | 16.5 (2.9) | 16.1 (2.6) | .40 | .40 |
| Carbohydrate (g) | 253.4 (94.1) | 248.3 (54.9) | .20 | .20 |
| Carbohydrate (%TE) | 45.6 (6.6) | 48.9 (6.5) | .01 | .01 |
| Total sugars (g) | 119.1 (46.7) | 102.8 (37.8) | .18 | .18 |
| Total sugars (%TE) | 21.5 (5.5) | 20.1 (6.2) | .25 | .25 |
| Alcohol (g) | 13.0 (14.5) | 11.6 (22.2) | .50 | .50 |
| Calcium (mg) | 1043.8 (386.8) | 865.8 (285.5) | .003 | .001 |
| Total folate (µg) | 337.6 (124.6) | 273.8 (139.5) | .05 | .11 |
| Iron (mg) | 14.1 (5.4) | 13.0 (5.6) | .98 | .98 |
| Total carotene (µg) | 5011.4 (3321.2) | 2725.3 (2995.3) | .001 | .001 |
| Riboflavin (mg) | 2.27 (0.83) | 1.85 (0.82) | .04 | .04 |
| Thiamin (mg) | 2.22 (1.56) | 2.19 (3.26) | .98 | .98 |
| Vitamin B6 (mg) | 2.44 (0.83) | 2.09 (0.70) | .06 | .06 |
| Vitamin B12 (µg) | 6.85 (3.31) | 4.63 (2.16) | <.001 | <.001 |
| Vitamin C (mg) | 148.2 (77.0) | 106.6 (73.1) | .02 | .05 |
| Retinol (µg) | 426.1 (330.3) | 236.2 (137.7) | .001 | .001 |
| Vitamin D (µg) | 3.47 (2.15) | 2.55 (1.61) | .049 | .049 |
| Vitamin E (mg) | 9.11 (3.36) | 7.84 (2.77) | .13 | .13 |
| Salt (g) | 5.91 (2.7) | 6.48 (2.1) | <.001 | <.001 |
aMUFA: monounsaturated fatty acids; PUFA: polyunsaturated fatty acids; RE: retinol equivalents; SFA: saturated fatty acids; TE: total energy.
bControlled for gender where appropriate. No significant interactions were observed between method and gender.
c P value derived using 2-samples paired t test.