Table 2.
Hazard ratio examining the likelihood of total CHD and hard CHD by progression of CAC among those with CAC=0 at baseline (Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis)
| Event rate per 1000 person-years [events/subjects] | Total CHD | Hard CHD |
|---|---|---|
|
| ||
| Absolute Δ in CAC/year | ||
| No change | 1.6, [34/2861] | 1.1, [24/2861] |
| Any progression | 2.6, [10/535] | 1.8, [7/535] |
| Total | 1.8, [44/3396] | 1.3, [31/3396] |
|
| ||
| Hazard Ratio (95% CI) | Total CHD | Hard CHD |
|
| ||
| Unadjusted absolute Δ in CAC/year | [44/3396] | [31/3396] |
| No change | Reference | Reference |
| Any progression | 1.5 (0.7–3.5) | 1.5 (0.6–3.9) |
|
| ||
| Adjusted1 absolute Δ in CAC/year | [44/3396] | [31/3396] |
| No change | Reference | Reference |
| Any progression | 1.0 (0.4–2.3) | 1.1 (0.4–2.8) |
|
| ||
| Unadjusted absolute Δ in CAC/year (per 5 units) | [44/3396] | [: 31/3396] |
| 1.3*(1.1–1.8) | 1.4*(1.1–1.9) | |
|
| ||
| Adjusted1 absolute Δ in CAC/year (per 5 units) | [44/3396] | [31/3396] |
| 1.4*(1.0–1.9) | 1.5*(1.1–2.1) | |
*
p<0.05,
**
p<0.01,
***
p<0.001 (two-tailed);
1
Adjusted for baseline age, gender, ethnicity, total cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, lipid lowering medication, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, antihypertensive medication, smoking, diabetes, and family history; Δ=change; analysis includes imputed and nonimputed subjects; follow-up time is calculated from the time of the baseline scan. CHD=coronary heart disease, CAC=coronary artery calcium