Table 2. Resistance Associated Mutations (RAMs) among naive and ART pre-treated patients with virological failure (VL>3 log/ml).
| Naive | ART Pre-exposed | Total | Pre-exposed | |
| First line | First line | First line | Second line | |
| N = 164 | N = 39 | N = 203 | N = 6 | |
| Virological failure | 10 (6.0) | 14 (35.8) | 24 (11.8) | 3 (50) |
| Median Viral load, log10 copies/ml | 4.3 [IQR: 3.7–4.4] | 4.8 [IQR: 4.1–5.5] | - | |
| Genotyping test | 7/10 (70.0) | 12/14 (85.7) | 19 (9.3) | 3 (100) |
| At least one RAMs | 7 (100) | 10 (83.3) | 17 (89.4) | 2 (66.6) |
| ≥3 NRTI mutations | 2 (28.5) | 8 (53.3) | 10 (45.5) | 1 (33.3) |
| ≥3 NNRTI mutations | 5 (71.4) | 5 (33.3) | 10 (45.5) | 2 (66.6) |
| NRTI resistance | ||||
| 3TC resistance | 7 (100) | 9 (75) | 16 (84.2) | 2 (66.6) |
| D4T resistance | 4 (57.1) | 8 (66.6) | 12 (63.2) | 1 (33.3) |
| AZT resistance | 2 (20.0) | 7 (58.3) | 9 (47.4) | 1 (33.3) |
| ABC resistance | 1 (12.2) | 3 (25.5) | 4 (21.1) | 0 (0) |
| TDF resistance | 1 (14..2) | 1 (8.3) | 2 (10.5) | 0 (0) |
| DDI resistance | 1 (14..2) | 5 (33.3) | 6 (31.6) | 0 (0) |
| NNRTI resistance | ||||
| NVP resistance | 7 (100) | 8 (66.6) | 15 (78.9) | 2 (66.6) |
| EFV resistance | 7 (100) | 8 (66.6) | 15 (78.9) | 2 (66.6) |
| ETV resistance | 0 (0) | 3 (25.0) | 3 (15.8) | 1 (33.3) |
| RPV resistance | 0(0) | 2 (16.6) | 3 (15.8) | 0 (0) |
| PI resistance | ||||
| LPVr resistance | not done | 0/3 (0) | 0/3 (0) | |
| ATVr resistance | not done | 0/3 (0) | 0/3 (0) |
Numbers and (percentages). Median and (interquartile range: IQR).
Stavudine (D4T), tenofovir (TDF), azidothymidine (AZT), lamivudine (3TC), nevirapine (NVP), efavirenz (EFV), abacavir (ABC), lopinavir/r (LPVr) (/r: ritonavir as a booster), atanazavir/r (ATVr), didanosine (DDI) or darunavir (DRVr).