Table 3. Antibiotic therapy and outcomes of pneumonia by study group.
| Variable | Patients with COPD [n = 983], n (%) | Patients without COPD [n = 3138], n (%) | p value |
| Inappropriate empiric antibiotic therapy | 45 (7.8) | 123 (6.9) | 0.339 |
| In-hospital complications | 274 (27.9) | 969 (31) | 0.073 |
| Cardiac complications | 73 (7.4) | 262 (8.4) | 0.385 |
| Ischemic cardiac complications | 13 (1.3) | 18 (0.6) | 0.018 |
| Recurrent CAP | 40 (4.6) | 61 (2.1) | <0.001 |
| ICU admission | 70 (7.1) | 311 (9.9) | 0.08 |
| Need for mechanical ventilation | 44 (4.5) | 182 (5.9) | 0.127 |
| Length of intravenous therapy, median (IQR), days | 4 (2–7) | 4 (3–7) | 0.041 |
| Time to clinical stability, median (IQR), days | 4 (2–8) | 4 (2–7.25) | 0.956 |
| Length of hospital stay, median (IQR), days | 8 (6–13) | 8 (6–12) | 0.004 |
| Early case-fatality rate, ≤48 hours | 14 (1.4) | 75 (2.4) | 0.069 |
| Overall case-fatality rate | 72 (7.3) | 241 (7.7) | 0.783 |
CAP: Community-acquired pneumonia; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; ICU: Intensive care unit; IQR, interquartile range.